计数抽样检验程序.第5部分:按接收质量限(AQL)检索的逐批检验顺序抽样计划系统

[中文适用范围]： ISO 2859 的这一部分指定了顺序抽样方案，以补充 ISO 2859-1 按属性进行检验的验收抽样系统。 ISO 2859-1 抽样验收系统以验收质量限度 (AQL) 为索引。 其目的是通过批次不验收的经济和心理压力，诱导供应商保持过程平均值至少与指定的验收质量限度一样好，同时为供应商的风险提供上限。 消费者接受偶尔的劣质批次。 ISO 2859 本部分定义的抽样方案适用但不限于检查： ——最终物品， — 部件和原材料， — 操作， — 加工中的材料， — 存储中的供应品， — 维护操作， —数据或记录，以及 — 行政程序。 这些方案旨在应用于连续的批次系列，即足够长的系列，以允许应用 10.3 中的转换规则。 这些转换规则提供了 a) 在质量恶化的情况下加强对消费者的保护（通过收紧抽样检验标准或中止抽样检验），b) 负责机构酌情决定降低检验成本的激励措施（通过减少抽样检验标准的手段）应随着时间的推移始终如一地证明良好的质量。 各个抽样计划的设计目的不是为了在其所提供的方案之外使用。 如果批次是单独生产的或系列生产的时间太短而无法应用 ISO 2859 的这一部分，建议用户查阅 ISO 2859-2 以了解适当的抽样计划。 [外文原描述]： ISO 2859-5:2005 contains sequential sampling schemes that supplement the ISO 2859-1 acceptance sampling system for inspection by attributes, whereby a supplier, through the economic and psychological pressure of lot non-acceptance, can maintain a process average at least as good as the specified acceptance quality limit, while at the same time provide an upper limit for the risk to the consumer of accepting the occasional poor lot. The sampling schemes defined in ISO 2859-5:2005 are applicable, but not limited, to the inspection of: end items, components and raw materials, operations, materials in process, supplies in storage, maintenance operations, data or records, and administrative procedures. These schemes are designed to be applied to a continuing series of lots, that is, a series long enough to permit the described switching rules to be applied. These switching rules provide: a) enhanced protection to the consumer (by means of tightened sampling inspection criteria or discontinuation of sampling inspection) should deterioration in quality occur; and b) an incentive, at the discretion of the responsible authority, to reduce inspection costs (by means of reduced sampling inspection criteria) should consistently good quality be demonstrated over time. The individual sampling plans are not designed to be applicable outside of the schemes in which they are presented. If lots are produced in isolation or in a series too short for ISO 2859-5:2005 to apply, the user is advised to consult ISO 2859-2 for appropriate sampling plans.