土质.高等植物遗传毒性效应的评估.蚕豆(Vicia faba)微核试验

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准的目的是描述评估土壤或土壤材料对高等植物蚕豆（蚕豆）次生根的遗传毒性影响（染色体断裂或有丝分裂纺锤体功能障碍）的方法。 该方法可以评估土壤和土壤材料（如堆肥、污泥、废物、肥料等）的遗传毒性（遗传物质的毒性）。 可以考虑两种暴露方式：将植物直接暴露于与真实遗传毒性潜力相关的土壤（或土壤材料），以及将植物暴露于土壤（或土壤材料）的水提取物。 最后一种接触渗滤液或洗出液的方法可以检测未吸附到土壤上的诱变剂，这些诱变剂可能会转移到水生隔室中。 此外，该测试可用于评估化学物质和水的遗传毒性作用，废水等 [外文原描述]： The purpose of ISO 29200:2013 is to describe a method for assessing genotoxic effects (chromosome breakage or dysfunction of the mitotic spindle) of soils or soil materials on the secondary roots of a higher plant: Vicia faba (broad bean). This method allows the assessment of genotoxicity (toxicity for genetic material) of soils and soil materials like compost, sludge, waste, fertilizing matters, etc. Two ways of exposure can be considered: a direct exposure of plants to the soil (or soil material) which is relevant for the real genotoxic potential and an exposure of plants to the water extract of the soil (or soil material). This last way of exposure to a leachate or an eluate allows the detection of the mutagens which are not adsorbed to soils and which may be transferred to aquatic compartments. Moreover, this test may be used to evaluate genotoxic effects of chemical substances and to waters, effluents, etc.