船舶和海洋技术 - 海上风能 - 港口和海上作业

[中文适用范围]： 本文件为海上风电场的港口和海上作业的规划和工程提供了全面的要求和指导，涵盖与此类作业相关的所有文件和工作，例如进行港口作业所需的组件、系统、设备和程序的设计和分析。 和海上作业，以及为安全地进行这些作业而开发的方法或程序。 本文件旨在全面涵盖与海上风电场装货、海上运输、安装、海上调试工程、操作和维护、部件更换、维修操作以及退役或重新部署所需的港口和海上作业相关的所有相关信息。 本文件适用于海上结构的港口和海上作业，包括： ——钢制网格结构基础； ——混凝土重力基础结构（GBS）； ——桩基钢基础或钢与混凝土混合基础结构； ——海底模板和类似的临时结构或安装辅助设备； ——构成风力涡轮发电机（WTG）一部分的钢或混合材料塔架、机舱和叶片； ——停泊在海底的浮动涡轮机； ——用于海上变电站或海上住宿平台的自升式海上装置； ——从码头边或岸上的海上发射系统； ——风电场内的阵列电缆以及将风电场连接至电网的输出电缆。 本文件还适用于现有结构的改造，例如安装附加模块、更换部件或退役，以及风电场使用寿命期间与技术维护工作相关的海上作业。 它不适用于以下作业： ——施工活动，例如在不暴露于海洋环境的陆上制造场； ——陆上公路运输； ——潜水。 [外文原描述]： This document provides comprehensive requirements and guidance for the planning and engineering of port and marine operations of offshore wind farms, encompassing all documents and works related to such operations, e.g. the design and analysis of the components, systems, equipment and procedures required to perform port and marine operations, as well as the methods or procedures developed to carry them out safely. This document is intended to be comprehensive, covering all relevant information related to port and marine operations necessary for loadout, offshore transport, installation, offshore commissioning works, operation and maintenance, component exchange, repair operations and decommissioning or redeployment of offshore wind farms. This document is applicable to port and marine operations for offshore structures including: — lattice structure foundations made from steel; — concrete gravity base structures (GBS); — piled steel foundation or mixed steel and concrete foundation structures; — subsea templates and similar temporary structures or installation aids; — steel or mixed material towers, nacelles and blades forming part of the wind turbine generators (WTG); — floating turbines moored to the seabed; — self-elevating offshore units for offshore substations or offshore accommodations platforms; — launching systems at sea from quay side or onshore; — array cables within the wind farms as well as export cables connecting the wind farm to the grid. This document is also applicable to modifications of existing structures, e.g. installation of additional modules, exchange of components or decommissioning, and to marine operations during the service life of the windfarm related to the technical maintenance works. It is not applicable to the following operations: — construction activities, e.g. in a fabrication yard onshore, where there is no exposure to the marine environment; — road transport onshore; — diving.