建筑设计基础.对建筑物的地震作用

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了建筑物（包括上部结构和基础）和其他结构抗震设计的地震作用评估原则。 本文件不适用于某些结构，如桥梁、大坝、岩土工程和隧道，尽管其中一些原则可以参考用于这些结构的抗震设计。 本文件不适用于核电站，因为这些在其他国际标准中单独处理。 在地震危险性较低的地区，可以使用结构完整性设计方法来代替基于地震作用考虑的方法。 本文件不是具有法律约束力的强制性规范。它可以被视为一份源文件，由负责发布结构设计法规的主管机构用于制定实践规范。 注1：本文件主要为新设计的工程结构准备。然而，这些原则也适用于为非工程结构制定适当的规范规则（见附录N）。这些原则也可用于评估现有结构的地震作用。 注2：其他结构包括除建筑物外的自支撑结构，这些结构承受重力荷载并需要抵抗地震作用。这些结构包括类似于建筑物中的抗震力抵抗系统（如桁架塔或管道架）或与建筑物中非常不同的系统（如液体储罐或烟囱）。其他例子包括化工厂、矿山、发电厂、港口、游乐园和民用基础设施设施中的结构。 注3：被认为低的地震危险性水平不仅取决于该地区的地震活动性，还取决于其他因素，包括建筑类型、传统实践等。结构完整性设计方法包括名义设计水平力（如通过简化等效静力分析确定的等效静力荷载），这些方法提供了一定程度的抗震保护。 [外文原描述]： ISO 3010:2017 (including both the super structure and foundation) and other structures. ISO 3010:2017 is not applicable to certain structures, such as bridges, dams, geotechnical works and tunnels, although some of the principles can be referred to for the seismic design of those structures. ISO 3010:2017 is not applicable to nuclear power plants, since these are dealt with separately in other International Standards. In regions where the seismic hazard is low, methods of design for structural integrity can be used in lieu of methods based on a consideration of seismic actions. ISO 3010:2017 is not a legally binding and enforceable code. It can be viewed as a source document that is utilized in the development of codes of practice by the competent authority responsible for issuing structural design regulations. NOTE 1 This document has been prepared mainly for new engineered structures. The principles are, however, applicable to developing appropriate prescriptive rules for non-engineered structures (see Annex N). The principles could also be applied to evaluating seismic actions on existing structures. NOTE 2 Other structures include self-supporting structures other than buildings that carry gravity loads and are required to resist seismic actions. These structures include seismic force-resisting systems similar to those in buildings, such as a trussed tower or a pipe rack, or systems very different from those in buildings, such as a liquid storage tank or a chimney. Additional examples include structures found at chemical plants, mines, power plants, harbours, amusement parks and civil infrastructure facilities. NOTE 3 The level of seismic hazard that would be considered low depends not only on the seismicity of the region but also on other factors, including types of construction, traditional practices, etc. Methods of design for structural integrity include nominal design horizontal forces (such as an equivalent static loading determined from a simplified equivalent static analysis) which provide a measure of protection against seismic actions.