石油产品 透明和不透明液体 运动粘度的测定和动力粘度的计算

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了程序 A（使用手动玻璃粘度计）和程序 B（使用自动装置中的玻璃毛细管粘度计），用于测定透明和不透明产品的运动粘度 ν。范围包括液态石油产品、脂肪酸甲酯 (FAME)、石蜡柴油、加氢植物油 (HVO)、气转液 (GTL) 和高达 50% FAME 的生物燃料柴油混合物。运动粘度是通过测量一定体积的液体在重力作用下流过校准的玻璃毛细管粘度计的时间来测定的。动态粘度 η 是通过将测得的运动粘度乘以液体的密度 ρ 得出的。本测试方法涵盖的运动粘度范围为 0.2 mm2/s 至 300 000 mm2/s，温度范围为 –20 °C 至 +150 °C。注：本文件所得结果取决于样品的行为，适用于主要由剪切应力和剪切速率成比例的液体（牛顿流动行为）。但是，如果粘度随剪切速率而显着变化，则不同毛细管直径的粘度计会得到不同的结果。已包括在某些条件下表现出非牛顿行为的残渣燃料油的程序和精度值。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies Procedure A, using manual glass viscometers, and Procedure B, using glass capillary viscometers in an automated assembly, for the determination of the kinematic viscosity, ν , of both transparent and opaque products. The scope includes liquid petroleum products, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), paraffinic diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), gas to liquid (GTL) and biofuel diesel mixtures up to 50 % FAME. The kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring the time for a volume of liquid to flow under gravity through a calibrated glass capillary viscometer. The dynamic viscosity, η , is obtained by multiplying the measured kinematic viscosity by the density, ρ , of the liquid. The range of kinematic viscosities covered in this test method is from 0,2 mm 2 /s to 300 000 mm 2 /s over the temperature range –20 °C to +150 °C. NOTE The result obtained from this document is dependent upon the behaviour of the sample and is intended for application to liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rates are proportional (Newtonian flow behaviour). If, however, the viscosity varies significantly with the rate of shear, different results can be obtained from viscometers of different capillary diameters. The procedure and precision values for residual fuel oils, which under some conditions exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour, have been included.