无损检测工业X射线系统焦点特性 第1部分：针孔相机射线照相方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了一种通过带数字评估的针孔相机方法测量 X 射线电压高达 1 000 kV 且高于 1 000 kV 的 X 射线系统 0.1 mm 以上的有效焦点尺寸的方法。用于此测量的管电压限制为 200 kV 以供视觉胶片评估，如果使用数字探测器，则可以选择高于 200 kV。X 射线图像的成像质量和分辨率高度依赖于有效焦点的特性，特别是从探测器平面看到的大小和二维强度分布。与 EN 12543 系列和 ISO 32543 系列中规定的其他方法相比，此方法可以获得焦点图像并查看其状态（例如阳极凹坑）。该测试方法提供了确定工业 X 射线管标准（宏焦点）和微焦点的有效尺寸（尺寸）的说明。该测定基于对焦点图像的测量，该图像已通过“针孔”技术进行射线记录，并使用数字方法进行评估。对于商用 X 射线管类型（即用于广告或贸易）的表征，可以使用附件 A 中的特定 FS（焦点）值。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a method for the measurement of effective focal spot dimensions above 0,1 mm of X-ray systems up to and including 1 000 kV X-ray voltage by means of the pinhole camera method with digital evaluation. The tube voltage applied for this measurement is restricted to 200 kV for visual film evaluation and can be selected higher than 200 kV if digital detectors are used. The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular the size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane. Compared to the other methods specified in the EN 12543 series and the ISO 32543 series, this method allows to obtain an image of the focal spot and to see the state of it (e.g. cratering of the anode). This test method provides instructions for determining the effective size (dimensions) of standard (macro focal spots) and mini focal spots of industrial X-ray tubes. This determination is based on the measurement of an image of a focal spot that has been radiographically recorded with a “pinhole” technique and evaluated with a digital method. For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the specific FS (focal spot) values of Annex A can be used.