轨道交通. 声学. 有轨车辆内部噪音的测量

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在轨道或其他类型的固定轨道上运行的所有类型的车辆（以下通常称为“单元”）上获得可重现噪声水平的测量方法和条件，工作模式下的轨道维护车辆除外。本文件适用于型式试验。它不包括在整个旅程中进行乘客或驾驶员噪声暴露监测测试或评估的所有说明。本文件不适用于引导式公共汽车。它提供了车辆内部噪声的测量程序（一般而言，车辆型式试验仅使用这些测试的选定子集进行）： - 车辆以恒定速度行驶时； - 车辆静止时； - 车辆加速或减速时； - 驾驶室内外部警告喇叭响起时（欧盟法规应用特别要求）它不提供以下测量程序： - 任何可听信号的可听性或可理解性； - 除警告喇叭以外的警告装置的评估。由于运行条件而对列车乘务员的噪声暴露进行的评估不在本文件的范围内。结果可用于以下用途： — 描述这些单元内部的噪声； — 比较特定轨道部分上不同单元的内部噪声； — 收集单元的基本源数据。本文件中规定的测试程序为工程级（2 级），这是 ISO 12001 中定义的噪声声明目的的首选级别。如果放宽测试条件，例如放宽对在役列车的监测条件，则结果不再是工程级。加速和减速测试规定的程序为测量级（3 级）。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the measurement method and conditions to obtain reproducible noise levels on-board all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”, except for track maintenance vehicles in working modes. This document is applicable to type testing. It does not include all the instructions to carry out monitoring testing or evaluation of noise exposure of passengers or drivers over a whole journey. This document is not applicable to guided buses. It provides measurement procedures for vehicle interior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests): — when the vehicle is moving at constant speed; — when the vehicle is stationary; — when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating; — in the driver's cab when an external warning horn is sounding (specifically required for European Union regulation application) It does not provide measurement procedures for: — audibility or intelligibility of any audible signals; — assessment of warning devices other than warning horns. The assessment of noise exposure of train crew due to operational conditions is not in the scope of this document. The results can be used, for example: — to characterise the noise inside these units; — to compare the internal noise of various units on a particular track section; — to collect basic source data for units. The test procedures specified in this document are of engineering grade (grade 2), the preferred grade for noise declaration purposes as defined in ISO 12001. If test conditions are relaxed, for example as they are for monitoring of in-service trains, then the results are no longer of engineering grade. The procedures specified for accelerating and decelerating tests are of survey grade (grade 3).