石油和天然气工业.北极作业.海上设施的撤离和救援

[中文适用范围]： 本文件为逃生、疏散和救援 (EER) 计划的制定和实施制定了原则、规定了要求并提供了指导。 适用于北极和寒冷地区与石油天然气行业相关的海上设施设计、施工、运输、安装、海上生产/勘探钻井作业使用寿命检查/维修、退役和拆除活动。 本文件中提到的北极和寒冷地区被认为包括北极和其他具有低环境温度以及存在或可能存在海冰、冰山、结冰条件、持续积雪和/或永久冻土的地区。 本文件包含对新装置和结构的设计、运行、维护和使用寿命检查或维修的要求，以及对在北极近海和寒冷地区运行的现有装置进行改造的要求，这些地区的冰可能至少存在一段时间。 一年中的一部分。 这包括用于此类活动的海上勘探、生产和住宿单位。 在有限的范围内，本文件还涉及支持 ER 的船舶（如果是整体 EER 计划的一部分）。 虽然本文件并不专门适用于移动式海上钻井平台（MODU，请参阅 MODU 在北极和寒冷地区运行的情况下的设备）。 本文件的规定旨在供包括设计者、运营商和责任人在内的利益相关者使用。 在某些情况下，浮动平台（作为海上设施的一种）可以根据国家法律归类为船舶，并且这些单位的能效比由国际海事法规定。 然而，本文件中包含的许多能效比规定适用于此类浮动平台。 本文件适用于影响 EER 系统性能的与近海北极和寒冷地区作业相关的机械、过程和电气设备或任何专业过程设备。 这包括定期培训和演习、EER 系统维护和预防措施与陆上北极石油和天然气设施相关的 EER 不在本文件中讨论，除非与海上开发相关。 [外文原描述]： This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for the development and implementation of an escape, evacuation and rescue (EER) plan. It is applicable to offshore installation design, construction, transportation, installation, offshore production/exploration drilling operation service life inspection/repair, decommissioning and removal activities related to petroleum and natural gas industries in the arctic and cold regions. Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, icing conditions, persistent snow cover and/or permafrost. This document contains requirements for the design, operation, maintenance, and service-life inspection or repair of new installations and structures, and to modification of existing installations for operation in the offshore Arctic and cold regions, where ice can be present for at least a portion of the year. This includes offshore exploration, production and accommodation units utilized for such activities. To a limited extent, this document also addresses the vessels that support ER, if part of the overall EER plan. While this document does not apply specifically to mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs, see ISO 19905‑1) many of the EER provisions contained herein are applicable to the assessment of such units in situations when the MODU is operated in arctic and cold regions. The provisions of this document are intended to be used by stakeholders including designers, operators and duty holders. In some cases, floating platforms (as a type of offshore installations) can be classified as vessels (ships) by national law and the EER for these units are stipulated by international maritime law. However, many of the EER provisions contained in this document are applicable to such floating platforms. This document applies to mechanical, process and electrical equipment or any specialized process equipment associated with offshore arctic and cold region operations that impacts the performance of the EER system. This includes periodic training and drills, EER system maintenance and precautionary down-manning as well as emergency situations. EER associated with onshore arctic oil and gas facilities are not addressed in this document, except where relevant to an offshore development.