标准摘要
[中文适用范围]: ISO 3951 的这一部分规定了用于通过变量进行逐批检验的顺序抽样计划(方案)系统。 该计划按照一系列首选的验收质量限制 (AQL) 值(范围从 0.01 到 10)进行索引,这些值是根据不合格项目的百分比定义的。 ISO 3951 的方案旨在通过批次不验收的经济和心理压力诱导供应商保持过程平均值至少与指定的 AQL 值一样好,同时提供风险上限消费者偶尔会接受劣质批次。 这些方案旨在应用于连续的批次系列,即足够长的系列,以允许应用切换规则(第 6 条)。 这些转换规则提供: ——如果检测到质量下降,对消费者的自动保护(通过转为加强检验或停止抽样检验); ——如果能够始终如一地实现良好的质量,则应采取激励措施(由主管当局酌情决定)降低检验成本(通过减少检验)。 ISO 3951 的这一部分设计用于在以下条件下使用: a) 检验程序适用于由一个生产商使用一个生产流程提供的一系列连续批次的离散产品。 如果有不同的生产商或生产工艺,则分别对每个生产商或生产工艺应用ISO 3951的本部分; b) 仅考虑这些产品的单一质量特性 x,该质量特性必须是可连续测量的; c) 测量系统的不确定度相对于生产过程标准偏差可以忽略不计; d) 产量稳定(在统计控制下)且质量特性 x 根据正态分布(或接近正态分布)或可在数学上转换为正态分布的分布进行分布; e) 其中质量特性的标准偏差 x 已知;注意 — ISO 3951 本部分中的程序不适用于之前已筛选出不合格品的批次。 f) 合同或标准定义了规格上限 U、规格下限 L 或两者;当且仅当其测量的质量特性 x 满足以下适当的不等式之一时,该项目才被认定为合格: [外文原描述]: ISO 3951-5:2006 specifies a system of sequential sampling plans (schemes) for lot-by-lot inspection by variables. The schemes are indexed in terms of a preferred series of acceptance quality limit (AQL) values, ranging from 0,01 to 10, which are defined in terms of percent nonconforming items. The schemes are designed to be applied to a continuing series of lots. ISO 3951-5:2006 is designed for use under the following conditions: where the inspection procedure is to be applied to a continuing series of lots of discrete products all supplied by one producer using one production process; where only a single quality characteristic of these products is taken into consideration, which must be measurable on a continuous scale; where the uncertainty of the measurement system is negligible with respect to the production process standard deviation; where production is stable (under statistical control) and the quality characteristic is distributed according to a normal distribution (or a close approximation to the normal distribution) or a distribution which may be mathematically transformed to a normal distribution; where the standard deviation of the quality characteristic is known; and where a contract or standard defines an upper specification limit, a lower specification limit or both.
英文名称Sampling procedures for inspection by variables — Part 5: Sequential sampling plans indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for inspection by variables (known standard deviation)