标准摘要
[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准描述了风对结构的作用，并规定了用于设计建筑物、塔架、烟囱、桥梁及其他结构及其构件和附件的风荷载特征值的计算方法。这些荷载适用于与ISO 2394及其他涉及风荷载的国际标准配合使用。特别是，本国际标准促进了峰值风速和平均风速方法之间的转换，并涵盖了三种主要风暴类型：天气尺度风、雷暴和热带气旋（飓风及台风）。本国际标准提供了通过确定设计压力或正交顺风向和横风向的力及力矩来确定简单形状结构的风荷载的解析方法，以及通过风洞或计算确定复杂形状结构的风荷载的解析方法，这些复杂形状结构具有风向效应并导致复杂的力和力矩组合。性质、尺寸或复杂性特殊的结构（例如高层建筑、大跨度桥梁、大跨度屋顶、拉索桅杆、海上及移动结构）通常需要专门的工程研究；本国际标准在这些情况下提供了一些关于其适用性限制的指导。本国际标准给出了两种确定设计风荷载的解析方法，一种基于峰值风速，另一种基于平均风速。当动态响应效应重要时，两种方法均可使用；当动态响应效应不重要时，本国际标准仅使用峰值风速方法，此时将峰值动态响应系数取为1。为简化表述，基于峰值风速的方法在本国际标准的正文中给出，而基于平均风速的方法在规范性附录A中给出。 [外文原描述]： ISO 4354:2008 describes the actions of wind on structures and specifies methods of calculating characteristic values of wind loads for use in designing buildings, towers, chimneys, bridges and other structures, as well as their components and appendages. The loads are suitable for use in conjunction with ISO 2394 and other International Standards concerned with wind loads. In particular, ISO 4354:2008 facilitates the conversion between peak- and mean-wind-speed methodologies and covers the three main storm types, synoptic winds, thunderstorms and tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons). ISO 4354:2008 provides the basic methods from which to determine wind loading analytically through the determination of design pressures or orthogonal along-wind and cross-wind forces and moments for structures of simple shape and wind directionality effects, and through wind tunnel or computational determinations of pressure, forces and moments for structures with complex shapes and wind directionality effects resulting in complex combinations of forces and moments. Two methods of analytical determination of design wind loads are given, one based on a peak velocity and the other on a mean velocity.
英文名称Wind actions on structures