纺织品和纺织产品 纺织品中的微塑料 第 2 部分：微塑料的定性和定量分析

[中文适用范围]： 本文件建立了微塑料的定性定量分析评估（即测定），以便能够确定其： — 颗粒数； — 形态（形态特征）； — 尺寸分布； — 聚合物的类型、化学来源或性质及其颜色（如果存在）。 本文件适用于测定收集在各种基质（例如纺织工艺废水、衣物洗涤水、纺织工艺空气排放、纺织工艺固体废物）中的微塑料（来自纺织行业）。 本文件规定了以估计的表面积和单位样品微塑料（MP）质量来表达结果。 它能够表达来自各种来源的微塑料（MP）量化结果，包括与纺织品的生产、加工、处理和使用相关的样品（原材料、制造过程、样品，如洗衣废水、空气和工业过程用水）。 本文件适用于不同物理状态（固体、液体或气态）基质的纺织行业样品，例如： — 来自纺织品生产过程的固体样品； — 来自纺织品生产过程和/或衣物洗涤的水样（例如服装或其他纺织品，可以应用 ISO 4484-1 或 ISO 4484-3 来制备待测试液体）； — 空气样本，用于测试纺织公司工作场所的空气质量。该文件能够提供尺寸、形状、表面和质量（估计值）等信息，从而能够将有用的生态毒理学评估信息传递给专家。 [外文原描述]： This document establishes a qualitative-quantitative analytical evaluation (i.e. determination) of microplastics to be able to define their: — particle number; — morphology (morphological characteristics); — dimensional distribution; — the type, chemical origin or nature of polymers and their colour, if present. This document is applicable to the determination of microplastics (from the textile sector) collected in various matrices (for example textile process wastewater, clothes washing water, textile process air emissions, textile process solid waste). This document specifies expression of results in terms of estimated surface area and mass of microplastics (MPs) per unit sample. It enables the expression of the results of the quantification of microplastics (MPs) from various sources, including samples related to the production, processing, treatment and use of textiles (raw material, manufacturing process, sample like wastewater from washing clothes, air, and industrial process water). This document applies to textile sector samples of matrices of different physical states (solid, liquid or aeriform), for example: — solid samples from textile production processes; — water samples from the textile production process and/or from the washing of clothing (e.g. garments or other textiles, ISO 4484-1 or ISO 4484-3 can be applied in order to prepare a liquid to be tested); — air samples to test the air quality in the workplace of textile companies. This document, being able to provide information such as size, shape, surface and mass (estimated), enables the transfer of useful information for ecotoxicological assessments to specialists.