水质.锆93.使用ICP/MS的试验方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定氘的93Zr的方法。所获得的质量浓度可以转换为比活度浓度。该方法适用于饮用水、雨水、地表水和地下水、海水以及冷却水、工业用水、生活用水和工业废水经过适当采样和处理，并进行测试样品制备后的测试样品。检测限取决于样品体积、使用的仪器、背景计数率、检测效率和化学产率。在本文件中，使用当前可用设备的方法的检出限约为0,09 Bq·1-1（或Bq·kg-1），低于饮用水安全摄入量的WHO准则(100 Bq·l-1)[d]。本文件所述方法涵盖93Zr在水中的比活度浓度测量范围为0,09 Bq·1-1至100 Bq·l-1。如果样品的比活度浓度高于100 Bq·l-1，则可以通过稀释进行测量。本文件所述方法适用于发生紧急情况时的测定。测试样品的过滤对于本文件所述方法是必要的。本方法不包括分析吸附在悬浮物上的93Zr。不溶性部分的分析需要进行矿化步骤，这不在本文件范围内。在这种情况下，测量是在不同相中获得的。确保所测试水样的试验方法的有效性是用户的责任。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a method to determine 93 Zr by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mass concentrations obtained can be converted into activity concentrations. The method is applicable to test samples of drinking water, rainwater, surface and ground water, marine water, as well as cooling water, industrial water, domestic, and industrial wastewater after proper sampling and handling, and test sample preparation. The limit of detection depends on the sample volume, the instrument used, the background count rate, the detection efficiency and the chemical yield. In this document, the limit of detection of the method using currently available apparatus is approximately 0,09 Bq·l −1 (or Bq·kg −1 ), which is lower than the WHO criteria for safe consumption of drinking water (100 Bq·l −1 ) [ 4 ] . The method described in this document covers the measurement of 93 Zr in water at activity concentrations between 0,09 Bq·l −1 and 100 Bq·l −1 . Samples with higher activity concentrations than 100 Bq·l −1 can be measured if a dilution is performed. The method described in this document is applicable in the event of an emergency. Filtration of the test sample is necessary for the method described in this document. The analysis of 93 Zr adsorbed to suspended matter is not covered by this method. The analysis of the insoluble fraction requires a mineralization step that is not covered by this document. In this case, the measurement is made on the different phases obtained. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for the water samples tested.