核电站抗震设计

[中文适用范围]： 本文件适用于水冷反应堆核电站的土木结构，以实现 ISO 4917-1 中规定的安全目标。对于其他核设施，需要事先检查该文件的适用性，然后才能相应地应用。本文件规定了土木结构在发生地震时承载能力的验证要求。此外，还规定了在发生地震时维持土木结构安全相关功能所需的适用性验证要求（例如变形和裂缝宽度限制）。本文件的应用前提是，已对工厂场地的地质和构造进行了调查，特别强调了活跃地质断层和持久地质地面位移的存在，并且该场地被认为适合核设施。为了实现这些目标，本文件涉及土木结构抗震设计的特定要求，这些要求超出了其传统设计。这些预防措施的基本要求在 ISO 4917-1 中进行了处理。本文件不适用于起重机、起重设备的分离装置以及部件的支撑和安装结构。本文件独立于国家标准。附件 A 中给出的建议主要基于 KTA 设计理念和欧洲标准。如果本文件中给出的一般要求能够满足，也可以使用其他等效标准或法规。注：本文件中使用的术语“土木结构”包括由钢筋混凝土、预应力混凝土、钢以及钢复合结构和砖石制成的建筑物和结构构件。其中包括围护结构、起重机跑道、平台、紧固结构和运河。 [外文原描述]： This document applies to civil structures of nuclear power plants with water cooled reactors in order to achieve the safety objectives given in ISO 4917-1. For other nuclear facilities the applicability of the document needs to be checked in advance, before it might be applied correspondingly. This document specifies the requirements for civil structures for the verification of their load-bearing capacity in case of a seismic event. Additionally, requirements are specified pertaining to the verification of the serviceability of civil structures as far as necessary for maintaining their safety-related function in case of a seismic event (e.g. deformation and crack-width limitations). This document will be applied under the presumption that the geology and tectonics of the plant site have been investigated with special emphasis on the existence of active geological faults and lasting geological ground displacements, and that the site has been deemed suitable for a nuclear installation. To achieve these goals, this document deals with the requirements specific to the seismic design of civil structures above and beyond their conventional design. The basic requirements of these precautionary measures are dealt with in ISO 4917-1. This document does not apply to cranes, to detachment devices for lifting equipment nor to the supporting and mounting constructions of components. This document is independent of national standards. Recommendations, given in Annex A, are mainly based on the KTA Design-Philosophy and European standards. Alternatively other equivalent standards or regulations can be used in case the general requirements given in this document can be met. NOTE The term civil structures as used in this document comprise buildings and structural members made of reinforced concrete, pre-stressed concrete, steel, as well as steel composite structures and masonry. Among others, these include the containment, crane runways, platforms, fastening constructions and canals.