塑料 - 拉伸性能的测定 - 第1部分:总则

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在特定条件下测定塑料和塑料复合材料拉伸性能的一般原则。定义了多种不同类型的试样以适应不同类型的材料，这些材料在ISO 527的后续部分中有详细说明。方法用于研究试样的拉伸行为，并在定义的条件下测定拉伸强度、拉伸模量以及拉伸应力/应变关系的其他方面。方法选择性适用于以下材料： - 刚性和半刚性模塑、挤出和铸造热塑性材料，包括填充和增强化合物以及未填充类型；刚性和半刚性热塑性片材和薄膜； - 刚性和半刚性热固性模塑材料，包括填充和增强化合物；刚性和半刚性热固性片材，包括层压板； - 纤维增强热固性和热塑性复合材料，包含单向或非单向增强材料，如垫子、编织织物、编织粗纱、切碎纤维、组合和混合增强材料、粗纱和研磨纤维；由预浸材料（预浸料）制成的片材； - 热致液晶聚合物。 方法通常不适用于刚性泡沫材料（使用ISO 1926）或含有泡沫材料的夹层结构。 [外文原描述]： 1.1 This document specifies the general principles for determining the tensile properties of plastics and plastic composites under defined conditions. Several different types of test specimen are defined to suit different types of material which are detailed in subsequent parts of ISO 527. 1.2 The methods are used to investigate the tensile behaviour of the test specimens and for determining the tensile strength, tensile modulus and other aspects of the tensile stress/strain relationship under the conditions defined. 1.3 The methods are selectively suitable for use with the following materials: — rigid and semi-rigid moulding, extrusion and cast thermoplastic materials, including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to unfilled types; rigid and semi-rigid thermoplastics sheets and films; — rigid and semi-rigid thermosetting moulding materials, including filled and reinforced compounds; rigid and semi-rigid thermosetting sheets, including laminates; — fibre-reinforced thermosets and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional reinforcements, such as mat, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcement, rovings and milled fibres; sheet made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs); — thermotropic liquid crystal polymers. The methods are not normally suitable for use with rigid cellular materials, for which ISO 1926 is used, or for sandwich structures containing cellular materials.