测量方法和结果的准确度（准确度和精密度） 第 1 部分：一般原则和定义

[中文适用范围]： 1.1 本文件 — 介绍了评估测量方法或结果所需的条件、约束和资源； — 定义了通过研究获取正确度和精密度数据的组织方案； — 提供了 ISO 5725（所有部分）所需的定义、统计模型和原则。 — 不适用于具有自己标准（分别为 ISO 13528 和 ISO 指南 35）的参考项目的能力测试或生产。1.2 本文件专门涉及以连续尺度产生结果并给出单一值作为测试结果的测量方法，尽管该单一值可能是从一组观察结果计算得出的结果。它定义了以定量方式描述测量方法给出真实结果（正确度）或复制给定结果（精密度）的能力的值。因此，这意味着完全相同的项目正在以完全相同的方式进行测量，并且测量过程处于控制之中。本文件可适用于范围广泛的测试项目，包括气体、液体、粉末和固体物体（无论是人造的还是天然的），但必须充分考虑测试项目的任何异质性。本文件不包括其他部分中描述的计算方法。 [外文原描述]： This document — introduces conditions, constraints and resources necessary to evaluate a measurement method or a result; — defines an organizational scheme for the acquisition of trueness and precision data by study; — provides the necessary definitions, statistical model and principles for ISO 5725 (all parts). — is not applicable to proficiency testing or production of the reference item that has their own standards (ISO 13528, respectively and ISO Guide 35). This document is concerned exclusively with measurement methods which yield results on a continuous scale and give a single value as the test result, although this single value may be the outcome of a calculation from a set of observations. It defines values which describe, in quantitative terms, the ability of a measurement method to give a true result (trueness) or to replicate a given result (precision). Thus, there is an implication that exactly the identical item is being measured, in exactly the same way, and that the measurement process is under control. This document may be applied to a very wide range of test items, including gas, liquids, powders and solid objects, manufactured or naturally occurring, provided that due consideration is given to any heterogeneity of the test item. This document does not include methods of calculation that are described in the other parts.