钢弧焊接头 缺点质量分级指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了所有类型的钢、镍、钛及其合金的熔焊接头（束焊除外）缺陷的质量等级。 它适用于材料厚度 ≥ 0.5 mm。 它涵盖完全熔透的对接焊缝和所有角焊缝。 其原理也可应用于部分熔透对接焊缝。 ISO 13919-1 规定了钢梁焊接接头的质量等级。 给出了三个质量级别，以便能够应用于广泛的焊接制造。 它们用符号 B、C 和 D 表示。 质量等级 B 对应于成品焊缝的最高要求。 考虑多种类型的载荷，例如静态载荷、热载荷、腐蚀载荷、压力载荷。 附录 B 中给出了有关疲劳载荷的附加指南。 质量水平指的是生产和良好的工艺。 本文件适用于： a) 非合金钢和合金钢； b) 镍及镍合金； c) 钛及钛合金； d) 手工、机械化和自动焊接； e) 所有焊接位置； f) 所有类型的焊缝，例如对接焊缝、角焊缝和分支连接； g) ISO 4063 中定义的以下焊接工艺及其子工艺： ——11 无气体保护的金属电弧焊； ——12根埋弧焊； ——13气体保护金属极电弧焊； ——14条非自耗钨极气体保护电弧焊； ——15等离子弧焊； ——31 氧气气体保护焊（仅适用于钢材）。 本文件不涉及冶金方面的问题，例如晶粒尺寸和硬度。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies quality levels of imperfections in fusion-welded joints (except for beam welding) in all types of steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys. It applies to material thickness ≥ 0,5 mm. It covers fully penetrated butt welds and all fillet welds. Its principles can also be applied to partial-penetration butt welds. Quality levels for beam-welded joints in steel are presented in ISO 13919-1. Three quality levels are given in order to permit application to a wide range of welded fabrication. They are designated by symbols B, C and D. Quality level B corresponds to the highest requirement on the finished weld. Several types of loads are considered, e.g. static load, thermal load, corrosion load, pressure load. Additional guidance on fatigue loads is given in Annex B. The quality levels refer to production and good workmanship. This document is applicable to: a) non-alloy and alloy steels; b) nickel and nickel alloys; c) titanium and titanium alloys; d) manual, mechanized and automatic welding; e) all welding positions; f) all types of welds, e.g. butt welds, fillet welds and branch connections; g) the following welding processes and their sub-processes, as defined in ISO 4063: — 11 metal arc welding without gas protection; — 12 submerged arc welding; — 13 gas-shielded metal arc welding; — 14 gas-shielded arc welding with non-consumable tungsten electrode; — 15 plasma arc welding; — 31 oxyfuel gas welding (for steel only). Metallurgical aspects, such as grain size and hardness, are not covered by this document.