计算整个液化天然气 (LNG) 链的温室气体 (GHG) 排放量

[中文适用范围]： 本文件： — 提供计算整个液化天然气 (LNG) 链中温室气体 (GHG) 排放量的方法的一般部分，以及确定其碳足迹的方法； — 定义首选测量单位和必要的转换； — 推荐用于监测和报告 GHG 排放的仪器和估算方法。一些排放量是测量的；一些是估算的。本文件涵盖 LNG 链中的所有设施。这些设施被视为“在运行中”，包括与初始启动、维护、周转和维护或故障后重新启动相关的排放。建设、调试、扩展和退役阶段不在本文件中，但可以单独评估。本文件涵盖所有 GHG 排放。这些排放分布在负责组织的范围 1、范围 2 和范围 3 中。本文件中定义了范围 1、2 和 3。涵盖所有排放源，包括燃烧、燃烧、冷排气、工艺排气、逸散性泄漏和与进口能源相关的排放。本文件描述了 LNG 和其他碳氢化合物产品的温室气体排放分配（例如 LPG、家用天然气、凝析油、硫磺）。本文件不涵盖天然气生产和运输至 LNG 工厂、液化、装运和再气化的具体要求。本文件适用于 LNG 行业。 [外文原描述]： This document: — provides the general part of the method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain, a means to determine their carbon footprint; — defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions; — recommends instrumentation and estimation methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated. This document covers all facilities in the LNG chain. The facilities are considered “under operation”, including emissions associated with initial start-up, maintenance, turnaround and restarts after maintenance or upset. The construction, commissioning, extension and decommissioning phases are excluded from this document but can be assessed separately. This document covers all GHG emissions. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization. Scope 1, 2 and 3 are defined in this document. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. This document describes the allocation of GHG emissions to LNG and other hydrocarbon products where other products are produced (e.g. LPG, domestic gas, condensates, sulfur). This document does not cover specific requirements on natural gas production and transport to LNG plant, liquefaction, shipping and regasification. This document is applicable to the LNG industry.