液化天然气（LNG）链中温室气体（GHG）排放量计算— 第2部分：天然气生产和运输至 LNG 工厂

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了一种计算天然气生产（陆上或海上）、天然气加工和天然气运输至液化天然气（LNG）液化厂过程中温室气体（GHG）排放的方法。注：该方法可应用于其他气体，如沼气或非传统类型的天然气。本文件涵盖与生产天然气相关的所有设施，包括： - 钻井（勘探、评估和开发）和生产井； - 天然气收集网络和增压站（如有）； - 天然气处理设施（如有）、带有压缩站（如有）的运输天然气管道直至 LNG 液化厂的进气阀。本文件涵盖与生产其他产品（例如但不限于生活天然气、凝析油、液化石油气（LPG）、硫磺、电力出口）相关的设施，以将 GHG 排放分配给每种产品。本文件涵盖“运行中”的上游设施，包括与调试、初始启动和维护或故障后重启相关的排放。本文件不涉及勘探、建设和退役阶段或植被覆盖造成的损失。本文件涵盖与生产、加工和运输天然气至 LNG 液化厂有关的所有温室气体排放。这些排放分布在 ISO 6338-1 定义的负责组织的范围 1、范围 2 和范围 3 中。涵盖所有排放源，包括火炬、燃烧、冷通风口、工艺通风口、逸散性泄漏和与进口能源有关的排放。涵盖的气体包括 CO2、CH4、N2O 和氟化气体。本文件不涵盖补偿。本文件定义了首选的测量单位和必要的转换。本文件还推荐了用于监测和报告温室气体排放的仪器和估算方法。一些排放量是测量的；一些是估算的。 [外文原描述]： This document provides a method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural gas production (onshore or offshore), gas processing and gas transport to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction plant. NOTE It can be applied to other gases as biogas or non-traditional types of natural gas. This document covers all facilities associated with producing natural gas, including: — drilling (exploration, appraisal, and development) and production wells; — gas gathering network and boosting stations (if any); — gas processing facilities (if any), transport gas pipelines with compression stations (if any) up to inlet valve of LNG liquefaction plant. This document covers facilities associated with producing other products (such as, but not limited to, domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to each product. This document covers the upstream facilities “under operation”, including emissions associated with commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. This document does not cover the exploration, construction and decommissioning phases or the losses from vegetation coverage. This document covers all GHG emissions associated with production, process and transport of natural gas to the LNG liquefaction plant. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization, as defined in ISO 6338-1. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. Gases covered include CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O and fluorinated gases. This document does not cover compensation. This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions. This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated.