液化天然气工厂温室气体排放量计算方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了一种计算陆上或海上 LNG 液化工厂温室气体排放的方法。本文件的框架涵盖从 LNG 工厂入口设施的入口法兰直至卸载臂，再到卡车、轮船或火车车厢装载。仅概括介绍到入口设施入口法兰的上游气体供应和装载臂下游的 LNG 分配。本文件涵盖：——与生产 LNG 相关的所有设施，包括接收设施、冷凝水装置（如适用）、预处理装置（包括但不限于酸性气体去除、脱水、汞去除、重组分去除）、LPG 提取和分馏（如适用）、液化、LNG 储存和装载、蒸发气处理、火炬和处置系统、输入电力或现场发电和其他工厂公用设施和基础设施（例如海洋和运输设施）。 — 与生产其他产品（例如家用天然气、凝析油、液化石油气、硫磺、电力出口）相关的天然气液化设施，其范围足以将温室气体排放分配给不同的产品。 — 与生产液化天然气相关的所有温室气体排放。这些排放分布在负责组织的范围 1、范围 2 和范围 3 中。本文件定义了范围 1、2 和 3。涵盖所有排放源，包括燃烧、燃烧、冷排气、工艺排气、逸散性泄漏和与进口能源相关的排放。液化天然气工厂被视为“在运行中”，包括与初始启动、维护、周转和维护或故障后重启相关的排放。本文件不包括建设、调试、扩建和退役阶段，但可以单独评估。本文件涵盖船舶或任何出口车辆装载期间蒸发气体管理产生的排放。本文件不涵盖船舶停泊时的排放，例如桅杆排气。本文件描述了温室气体排放分配给液化天然气和其他碳氢化合物产品（如液化石油气、家用天然气、凝析油、硫磺等）。本文件定义了首选的测量单位和必要的转换。本文件还推荐了用于监测和报告温室气体排放的仪器和估算方法。一些排放量是测量的，一些是估算的。本文件适用于液化天然气行业。应用包括提供通过标准化和可审计的方法计算温室气体排放量的方法，以及确定其碳足迹的方法。 [外文原描述]： This document provides a method to calculate the GHG emissions from an LNG liquefaction plant, onshore or offshore. The frame of this document ranges from the inlet flange of the LNG plant’s inlet facilities up to and including the offloading arms to truck, ship or railcar loading. The upstream supply of gas up to the inlet flange of the inlet facilities and the distribution of LNG downstream of the loading arms are only covered in general terms. This document covers: — all facilities associated with producing LNG, including reception facilities, condensate unit (where applicable), pre-treatment units (including but not limited to acid gas removal, dehydration, mercury removal, heavies removal), LPG extraction and fractionation (where applicable), liquefaction, LNG storage and loading, Boil-Off-Gas handling, flare and disposal systems, imported electricity or on-site power generation and other plant utilities and infrastructure (e.g. marine and transportation facilities). — natural gas liquefaction facilities associated with producing other products (e.g. domestic gas, condensate, LPG, sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to the different products. — all GHG emissions associated with producing LNG. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization. Scope 1, 2 and 3 are defined in this document. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. The LNG plant is considered “under operation”, including emissions associated with initial start-up, maintenance, turnaround and restarts after maintenance or upset. The construction, commissioning, extension and decommissioning phases are excluded from this document but can be assessed separately. The emissions resulting from boil-off gas management during loading of the ship or any export vehicle are covered by this document. The emissions from a ship at berth, e.g. mast venting are not covered by this document. This document describes the allocation of GHG emissions to LNG and other hydrocarbon products where other products are produced (e.g. LPG, domestic gas, condensates, sulphur, etc.). This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions. This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured and some are estimated. This document is applicable to the LNG industry. Applications include the provision of method to calculate GHG emissions through a standardized and auditable method, a means to determine their carbon footprint.