塑料

[中文适用范围]： 1.1 本文件规定了两种方法（方法 A 和方法 B），用于在规定条件下测定塑料的拉伸冲击强度。这些测试可以描述为在相对较高的应变率下进行的拉伸测试。这些方法可用于刚性材料（如 ISO 472 中定义），但对于太柔韧或太薄而无法使用符合 1.2 的冲击试验进行测试的材料尤其有用。这些方法用于研究指定样品在指定冲击速度下的行为，并用于在测试条件固有的限制范围内评估样品的脆性或韧性。1.3 这些方法既适用于由模制材料制备的样品，也适用于从成品或半成品（例如模制品、层压板或挤出或铸造板）中取出的样品。1.4 通过测试不同尺寸的模制样品获得的结果不一定相同。同样，从模制产品中切下的样品可能不会产生与直接从材料模制的相同尺寸样品相同的结果。从模塑化合物制备的样品获得的测试结果不能直接应用于任何给定形状的模塑件，因为值可能取决于模塑件的设计和模塑条件。方法 A 和方法 B 获得的结果可以或不能进行比较。1.5 这些方法不适合用作组件设计计算的数据来源。但是，可以通过测试在不同条件下制备的不同类型的测试样品以及在不同温度下进行测试来获得有关材料典型行为的信息。这两种不同的方法适用于生产控制和质量控制。 [外文原描述]： 1.1 This document specifies two methods (method A and method B) for the determination of the tensile-impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. The tests can be described as tensile tests at relatively high strain rates. These methods can be used for rigid materials (as defined in ISO 472), but are especially useful for materials too flexible or too thin to be tested with impact tests conforming to the ISO 179 series or ISO 180. 1.2 These methods are used for investigating the behaviour of specified specimens under specified impact velocities, and for estimating the brittleness or the toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. 1.3 These methods are applicable both to specimens prepared from moulding materials and to specimens taken from finished or semi-finished products (for example mouldings, laminates, or extruded or cast sheets). 1.4 Results obtained by testing moulded specimens of different dimensions are not necessarily the same. Equally, it is possible that specimens cut from moulded products will not give the same results as specimens of the same dimensions moulded directly from the material. Test results obtained from specimens prepared from moulding compounds cannot be applied directly to mouldings of any given shape, because values may depend on the design of the moulding and the moulding conditions. Results obtained by method A and method B can or can not be comparable. 1.5 These methods are not suitable for use as a source of data for design calculations on components. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing different types of test specimen prepared under different conditions, and by testing at different temperatures. The two different methods are suitable for production control as well as for quality control.