无损检测.无损检测人员的资格和认证

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了使用下列方法进行工业无损检测 (NDT) 的人员的资格和认证要求。a) 声发射检测；b) 涡流检测；c) 泄漏检测（不包括液压检测）；d) 磁性检测；e) 渗透检测；f) 射线检测；g) 应变计检测；h) 热成像检测；i) 超声波检测；j) 目视检测（不包括直接无辅助目视检测和在应用其他 NDT 方法期间进行的目视检测）。本文件中规定的系统也适用于其他 NDT 方法或已建立的 NDT 方法中的 NDT 技术，前提是存在全面的认证方案，并且 NDT 方法或 NDT 技术受国际、地区或国家标准的约束，或者 NDT 方法或 NDT 技术已被证明是有效的，并令认证机构满意。注 1 “工业”一词意味着不包括医学领域的应用。注 2 CEN/TR 14748 提供了有关无损检测资格认证方法的指导。注 3 本文件规定了第三方合格评定方案的实际要求。这些要求不直接适用于第二方或第一方的合格评定，但本文件的相关部分可在此类安排中引用。注 4 术语“直接无辅助目视检测”是指从观察者的眼睛到测试区域有一条不间断的光路，并且观察者不使用任何工具或设备（例如镜子、内窥镜、光纤）。注 5 不包括基于其他无损检测方法的应变计算。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies requirements for the qualification and certification of personnel who perform industrial non-destructive testing (NDT) in the following methods. a) acoustic emission testing; b) eddy current testing; c) leak testing (hydraulic pressure tests excluded); d) magnetic testing; e) penetrant testing; f) radiographic testing; g) strain gauge testing; h) thermographic testing; i) ultrasonic testing; j) visual testing (direct unaided visual tests and visual tests carried out during the application of another NDT method are excluded). The system specified in this document is also applicable to other NDT methods or to NDT techniques within an established NDT method, provided a comprehensive scheme of certification exists and the NDT method or NDT technique is covered by international, regional or national standards or the NDT method or the NDT technique has been demonstrated to be effective to the satisfaction of the certification body. NOTE 1 The term "industrial" implies the exclusion of applications in the field of medicine. NOTE 2 CEN/TR 14748 provides guidance on the methodology for qualification of non-destructive tests. NOTE 3 This document specifies requirements for what are, in effect, third party conformity assessment schemes. These requirements do not directly apply to conformity assessment by second or first parties, but relevant parts of this document can be referred to in such arrangements. NOTE 4 The term “direct unaided visual testing” implies where there is an uninterrupted optical path from the observer’s eye to the test area and the observer uses no tools or devices (e.g. mirror, endoscope, fibre optic). NOTE 5 Calculations of strain based on other NDT methods are excluded.