标准摘要
[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准规定了在水介质中评价最终生物降解性的方法，以及作为附加信息的、主要生物降解性和给定浓度的需氧微生物从水中完全消除有机化合物的方法。 本国际标准中描述的条件通常对应于允许所选接种物在测试时间内发生最大生物降解值的最佳条件。 这些条件甚至可能比全规模废水处理厂更有利，特别是如果它们的水力停留时间、污泥龄或活性污泥的适应性不是最佳的。 该方法适用于以下有机化合物： a) 在测试条件下使用的浓度下是水溶性的，并且如果仅确定生物降解而不是消除，预计不会转化为不溶性代谢物； b) 不挥发，或在测试条件下具有可忽略的蒸气压； c) 不因试验溶液起泡而损失； d) 在测试所选择的浓度下对测试微生物没有抑制作用。 抑制作用可以使用合适的测试方法来确定（例如参见ISO 8192）。 如果测试化合物有毒，则必须降低测试浓度，或者可以使用预先暴露的接种物。 本国际标准也适用于废水中溶解有机化合物（本方法中也称为“测试化合物”）的生物降解和消除的测量。 注：如果需要更多信息来预测处理厂中测试化合物或废水的行为，则应进行模拟测试（例如活性污泥模拟测试 ISO 11733）。 有关该方法的正确使用和替代生物降解方法，请参阅 ISO 15462。 [外文原描述]： This International Standard specifies a method for the evaluation in aqueous medium of the ultimate biodegradability and, as additional information, the primary biodegradability and the total elimination from water, of organic compounds at a given concentration by aerobic microorganisms. The conditions described in this International Standard normally correspond to optimal conditions for allowing the maximum value of biodegradation to occur with the chosen inoculum in the test time. These conditions may even be more favourable than in full-scale wastewater treatment plants, especially if their hydraulic retention time, sludge age or the adaptation of the activated sludge is not optimal. The method applies to organic compounds which are a) water-soluble at the concentration used under the test conditions and not expected to be transformed to insoluble metabolites if biodegradation and not elimination only shall be determined; b) nonvolatile, or which have a negligible vapour pressure under the test conditions; c) not lost by foaming from the test solution; d) not inhibitory to the test microorganisms at the concentration chosen for the test. Inhibitory effects can be determined using a suitable test method (e.g. see ISO 8192). If the test compound is toxic, the test concentration must be lowered, or a pre-exposed inoculum can be used. This International Standard is also applicable to the measurement of biodegradation and elimination of dissolved organic compounds in wastewater (also called "test compound" in the method). NOTE If more information is required to predict the behaviour of test compounds or wastewater in a treatment plant, a simulation test (e.g. the activated sludge simulation test ISO 11733) should be performed. For appropriate use of this method and for alternative biodegradation methods, see ISO 15462.
英文名称Water quality — Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium — Static test (Zahn-Wellens method)