信息技术.开放分布式处理.参考模型:基本概念

[中文适用范围]： 本建议/国际标准涵盖了执行 ODP 系统建模（见第 6 至 14 条）所需的概念，以及符合 ODP 系统原则（见第 15 条）。第 6 至 14 条中定义的概念用于开放分布式处理参考模型，以支持以下内容的定义：a) 受参考模型约束的标准族的结构；b) 声称符合参考模型的分布式系统的结构（系统的配置）；c) 表达所支持的各种标准的联合使用所需的概念；d) 构成开放分布式系统的各个组件的规范中应使用的基本概念。第 15 条定义了各种受支持的标准如何约束实现，以及如何测试此类实现。 [外文原描述]： ISO/IEC 10746 provides a coordinating framework for the standardization of open distributed processing (ODP). This supports distribution, interworking, portability, and platform and technology independence. It establishes an enterprise architecture framework for the specification of ODP systems. ISO/IEC 10746 defines the essential concepts necessary to specify open distributed processing systems from five prescribed viewpoints. It provides a well-developed framework for the structuring of specifications for large-scale, distributed systems. The framework for system specification provided by ISO/IEC 10746 has four fundamental elements: an object modelling approach to system specification; the specification of a system in terms of separate but interrelated viewpoint specifications; the definition of a system infrastructure providing distribution transparencies for system applications; a framework for assessing system conformance. ISO/IEC 10746-2:2009 contains the definition of the concepts and analytical framework for normalized description of any distributed processing system. It introduces the principles of conformance to ODP standards and the way in which they are applied. These concepts and principles are used in ISO/IEC 10746-3 and to establish requirements for new ODP specification techniques.