信息技术 文件处理和相关通信 标准通用置标语言(SGML)系统的一致性测试

[中文适用范围]： 该标准涉及用于验证 SGML 系统一致性的测试套件的构建和使用。 它的规定可以帮助构建测试套件的人员、构建由此类套件评估的 SGML 系统的人员以及在选择 SGML 工具过程中检查 SGML 系统在测试套件上的性能的人员。 特别是，该标准包括： ——测试套件的组织标准，包括命名约定、文档约定以及适用的具体语法和功能的规范。 除其他优点外，这些约定促进了任何非 SGML 自动处理，这对于测试的开发人员或用户来说可能很方便；注 - 此类非 SGML 处理的一个示例是按名称对测试进行排序。 - 描述测试结果的标准表格，明确测试已证明或未证明的内容； ——SGML 测试参考应用程序 (RAST) 的规范，它解释所有标记，以允许对符合 ISO 8879 的文档的测试结果进行机器比较。 RAST 以标准方式指示解析器何时识别标签、处理指令和数据，适当地替换引用和处理标记声明和标记部分。 RAST 测试可能由通用 SGML 解析器传递到应用程序的信息，但不测试某些解析器提供的附加信息； ——容量测试参考应用程序 (RACT) 的规范，报告验证解析器的容量计算。 支持该应用的SGML系统表明其能够报告容量错误，无论其是否支持变体容量集； ——与 SDIF 数据流相关的测试程序规范。 本标准仅适用于 ISO 8879 中定义的客观一致性标准的 SGML 实施和使用方面的测试。 注 - 本标准未涉及的 SGML 系统方面包括错误恢复、错误消息的措辞、申请结果和文件（包括系统声明）。 [外文原描述]： standard addresses the construction and use of test suites for verifying conformance of SGML systems. Its provisions assist those who build test suites, those who build SGML systems to be evaluated by such suites, and those who examine an SGML system's performance on a test suite as part of the process of selecting an SGML tool. In particular, this standard includes: ? criteria for the organization of test suites, including naming conventions, documentation conventions, and specification of applicable concrete syntaxes and features. Among other advantages, these conventions facilitate any non-SGML automatic processing that may be convenient for the developers or the users of the tests; NOTE ? An example of such non-SGML processing is sorting tests by name. ? a standard form for describing test results that makes clear what has been proven or disproven by the tests; ? the specification of a Reference Application for SGML Testing (RAST) that interprets all markup to allow machine comparison of test results for documents conforming to ISO 8879. RAST indicates in a standard way when tags, processing instructions, and data are recognized by the parser, replacing references and processing markup declarations and marked sections appropriately. RAST tests information likely to be passed by a general-purpose SGML parser to an application but does not test additional information that some parsers provide; ? the specification of a Reference Application for Capacity Testing (RACT) that reports a validating parser's capacity calculations. An SGML systemthat supports this application indicates its ability to report capacity errors regardless of whether it supports variant capacity sets; ? the specification of test procedures related to SDIF data streams. This standard applies to the testing only of aspects of SGML implementation and usage for which objective conformance criteria are defined in ISO 8879. NOTE ? Among the aspects of an SGML system not addressed by this standard are error recovery, phrasing of error messages, application results, and documentation (including the system declaration).