信息技术.国际字符串的排序和比较.比较字符串和描述通用可裁剪模板排序的方法

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准定义了以下内容。 ？参考比较方法。 该方法适用于两个字符串，以确定它们在排序列表中的排序顺序。 该方法可应用于包含 ISO/IEC 10646 完整指令集的字符的字符串。 该方法也适用于该指令集的子集，例如不同 ISO/IEC 8 位标准字符集的子集或任何其他字符设置，无论标准化与否，以生成对于每个脚本的给定语言集有效（定制后）的排序结果。 此方法使用源自本国际标准中定义的通用模板表或其剪裁之一的排序规则表。 该方法提供了参考格式。 该格式使用巴科斯-诺尔范式 (BNF) 进行描述。 该格式用于描述通用模板表。 该格式在本国际标准中规范使用。 ？通用模板表。 参考比较方法使用通用模板表的给定剪裁。 通用模板表描述了 ISO/IEC 10646:2003 至修正案 2 中编码的所有字符的顺序，以及字符 DEVANAGARI LETTER GGA、DEVANAGARI LETTER JJA、DEVANAGARI LETTER DDDA 和 DEVANAGARI LETTER BBA（字符 U097B、U097C、U097E 和 U097F、分别）。 它允许完全确定性排序的规范。 该表支持适应本地排序规则的字符串排序规范，而不需要实现者了解已在 UCS 中编码的所有不同脚本。 注1：该通用模板表将被修改以适应当地环境的需要。 全球范围内的主要好处是，对于其他文字，通常不需要修改，并且从国际角度来看，顺序将尽可能保持一致和可预测。 注 2：本国际标准中使用的字符库相当于 Unicode 标准 5.0 版的字符库。 ？一个参考名称。 参考名称指的是通用模板表的这个特定版本，在剪裁时用作参考。 特别是，该名称意味着该表链接到 ISO/IEC 10646 通用多八位位组编码字符集的特定开发阶段。 ？要求声明校对表和通用模板表之间的差异（增量）。 本国际标准不强制执行以下内容。 ？具体的比较方法；任何给出相同结果的等效方法都是可以接受的。 ？用于描述或定制给定实现中的表的特定格式。 ？实现使用的特定符号，公共模板表的名称除外。 ？用于选择选项的任何特定用户界面。 ？比较时使用的中间键的任何特定内部格式，也不是所使用的表的任何特定内部格式。 也不强制要求使用数字键。 ？依赖于上下文的排序。 ？比较之前字符串的任何特定准备。 [外文原描述]： ISO/IEC 14651:2007 defines the following. A reference comparison method. This method is applicable to two character strings to determine their collating order in a sorted list. The method can be applied to strings containing characters from the full repertoire of ISO/IEC 10646. This method is also applicable to subsets of that repertoire, such as those of the different ISO/IEC 8-bit standard character sets, or any other character set, standardised or not, to produce ordering results valid (after tailoring) for a given set of languages for each script. This method uses collation tables derived either from the Common Template Table defined in ISO/IEC 14651 or from one of its tailorings. This method provides a reference format. The format is described using the Backus-Naur Form (BNF). This format is used to describe the Common Template Table. The format is used normatively within ISO/IEC 14651:2007. A Common Template Table. A given tailoring of the Common Template Table is used by the reference comparison method. The Common Template Table describes an order for all characters encoded in ISO/IEC 10646:2003 up to Amendment 2, plus characters DEVANAGARI LETTER GGA, DEVANAGARI LETTER JJA, DEVANAGARI LETTER DDDA and DEVANAGARI LETTER BBA (characters U097B, U097C, U097E and U097F, respectively). It allows for a specification of a fully deterministic ordering. This table enables the specification of a string ordering adapted to local ordering rules, without requiring an implementer to have knowledge of all the different scripts already encoded in the UCS. NOTE 1 This Common Template Table is to be modified to suit the needs of a local environment. The main worldwide benefit is that, for other scripts, often no modification is required and the order will remain as consistent as possible and predictable from an international point of view. NOTE 2 The character repertoire used in ISO/IEC 14651:2007 is equivalent to that of the Unicode Standard version 5.0. A reference name. The reference name refers to this particular version of the Common Template Table, for use as a reference when tailoring. In particular, this name implies that the table is linked to a particular stage of development of the ISO/IEC 10646 Universal multiple-octet coded character set. Requirements for a declaration of the differences (delta) between the collation table and the Common Template Table. ISO/IEC 14651:2007 does not mandate the following. A specific comparison method; any equivalent method giving the same results is acceptable. A specific format for describing or tailoring tables in a given implementation. Specific symbols to be used by implementations, except for the name of the Common Template Table. Any specific user interface for choosing options. Any specific internal format for intermediate keys used when comparing, nor for the table used. The use of numeric keys is not mandated either. A context-dependent ordering. Any particular preparation of character strings prior to comparison. NOTE 1 It is normally necessary to do preparation of character strings prior to comparison even if it is not prescribed by ISO/IEC 14651:2007 (see informative Annex C). NOTE 2 Although no user interface is required to choose options or to specify tailoring of the Common Template Table, conformance requires always declaring the applicable delta, a declaration of differences with this table. It is recommended that processes present available tailoring options to users.