信息技术.国际字符串的排序和比较.比较字符串和描述通用模板可裁剪排序的方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件定义了以下内容：一种参考比较方法。该方法适用于两个字符字符串，以确定它们在排序列表中的排列顺序。该方法可以应用于包含 ISO/IEC 10646 全 repertoire 中字符的字符串。该方法也可以应用于该字集中子集，例如不同 ISO/IEC 8-bit 标准字符集或其他任何字符集（标准化或未标准化）的结果。此方法使用根据本文件中定义的通用模板表或其变体导出的排序表。 此方法提供参考格式。使用 Backus-Naur Form (BNF) 描述该格式。该格式用于描述通用模板表。该格式在本文档中规范性地使用。 给定的通用模板表的一个定制化用于参考比较方法。该通用模板表描述了 Unicode 13.0 标准中编码的所有字符（包含于 ISO/IEC 10646:2020）的顺序。它允许指定完全确定性的排序。 此表格能够指定适应本地排序规则的字符串排序，而无需实施者具备 UCS (Universal Coded Character Set) 中已编码的不同脚本的所有知识。 NOTE 1 需要根据本地环境的需求修改通用模板表。 NOTE 2 此文件中使用的字符集等同于 Unicode 标准版本 13.0。 [外文原描述]： This document defines the following. — A reference comparison method. This method is applicable to two character strings to determine their collating order in a sorted list. The method can be applied to strings containing characters from the full repertoire of ISO/IEC 10646. This method is also applicable to subsets of that repertoire, such as those of the different ISO/IEC 8-bit standard character sets, or any other character set, standardized or not, to produce ordering results valid (after tailoring) for a given set of languages for each script. This method uses collation tables derived either from the Common Template Table defined in this document or from one of its tailorings. This method provides a reference format. The format is described using the Backus-Naur Form (BNF). This format is used to describe the Common Template Table. The format is used normatively within this document. — A Common Template Table. A given tailoring of the Common Template Table is used by the reference comparison method. The Common Template Table describes an order for all characters encoded in the Unicode 13.0 standard,[27] included in ISO/IEC 10646:2020. It allows for a specification of a fully deterministic ordering. This table enables the specification of a string ordering adapted to local ordering rules, without requiring an implementer to have knowledge of all the different scripts already encoded in the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS). NOTE 1 This Common Template Table is to be modified to suit the needs of a local environment. The main worldwide benefit is that, for other scripts, often no modification is required and the order will remain as consistent as possible and predictable from an international point of view. NOTE 2 The character repertoire used in this document is equivalent to that of the Unicode Standard version 13.0[27]. — A reference name. The reference name refers to this particular version of the Common Template Table, for use as a reference when tailoring. In particular, this name implies that the table is linked to a particular stage of development of the ISO/IEC 10646 Universal coded character set. — Requirements for a declaration of the differences (delta) between the collation table and the Common Template Table. This document does not mandate the following. — A specific comparison method; any equivalent method giving the same results is acceptable. — A specific format for describing or tailoring tables in a given implementation. — Specific symbols to be used by implementations, except for the name of the Common Template Table. — Any specific user interface for choosing options. — Any specific internal format for intermediate keys used when comparing, nor for the table used. The use of numeric keys is not mandated either. — A context-dependent ordering. — Any particular preparation of character strings prior to comparison. NOTE 1 It is normally necessary to do preparation of character strings prior to comparison even if it is not prescribed by this document (see Annex C). NOTE 2 Annex D describes problems that gave way to this International Standard with their anticipated solutions.