系统和软件工程.系统生命周期过程

[中文适用范围]： 该国际标准建立了一个通用框架来描述人类创建的系统的生命周期。 它定义了一组流程和相关术语。 这些过程可以应用于系统结构层次结构中的任何级别。 这些过程的选定集合可以应用于整个生命周期，以管理和执行系统生命周期的各个阶段。 这是通过所有相关方的参与来实现的，最终目标是实现客户满意度。 本国际标准还提供了支持组织或项目内使用的生命周期过程的定义、控制和改进的过程。 组织和项目在获取和供应系统时可以使用这些生命周期流程。 本国际标准涉及那些人造系统，并且可以配置以下一项或多项：硬件、软件、数据、人员、流程（例如，向用户提供服务的流程）、程序（例如，操作员指令） 、设施、材料和自然存在的实体。 当系统元素是软件时，ISO/IEC 12207:2008 中记录的软件生命周期过程可用于实现该系统元素。 这两个标准经过协调，可以在单个项目或单个组织中同时使用。 当系统元件是硬件时，请参考 SC7 范围之外的其他国际标准。 [外文原描述]： ISO/IEC 15288:2008 establishes a common framework for describing the life cycle of systems created by humans. It defines a set of processes and associated terminology. These processes can be applied at any level in the hierarchy of a system's structure. Selected sets of these processes can be applied throughout the life cycle for managing and performing the stages of a system's life cycle. This is accomplished through the involvement of all interested parties, with the ultimate goal of achieving customer satisfaction. ISO/IEC 15288:2008 also provides processes that support the definition, control and improvement of the life cycle processes used within an organization or a project. Organizations and projects can use these life cycle processes when acquiring and supplying systems. ISO/IEC 15288:2008 concerns those systems that are man-made and may be configured with one or more of the following: hardware, software, data, humans, processes (e.g., processes for providing service to users), procedures (e.g., operator instructions), facilities, materials and naturally occurring entities. When a system element is software, the software life cycle processes documented in ISO/IEC 12207:2008 may be used to implement that system element. ISO/IEC 15288:2008 and ISO/IEC 12207:2008 are harmonized for concurrent use on a single project or in a single organization.