信息安全、网络安全和隐私保护.IT安全评估标准.第1部分:简介和一般模型

[中文适用范围]： 本文件确立了信息技术安全评估的一般概念和原则，规定了标准各部分给出的通用评估模型，其全部内容可作为评估信息技术产品安全特性的基础。本文档概述了 ISO/IEC 15408 系列的所有部分。它描述了ISO/IEC 15408系列的各个部分；定义标准所有部分中使用的术语和缩写；建立评估目标（TOE）的核心概念；描述评估背景并描述评估标准所针对的受众。介绍了评估IT产品所必需的基本安全概念。本文档介绍：——保护配置文件（PP）、PP模块、PP配置、包、安全目标（ST）和一致性类型的关键概念； ——整个模型中安全组件的组织描述； — 通过使用允许的操作，可以定制 ISO/IEC 15408-2 和 ISO/IEC 15408-3 中给出的功能和保证组件的各种操作； — ISO/IEC 18045 中给出的评估方法的一般信息； — 应用 ISO/IEC 15408-4 的指南，以便开发源自 ISO/IEC 18045 的评估方法（EM）和评估活动（EA）； — 有关 ISO/IEC 15408-5 中定义的预定义评估保证级别（EAL）的一般信息； ——关于评估方案范围的信息。 [外文原描述]： This document establishes the general concepts and principles of IT security evaluation and specifies the general model of evaluation given by various parts of the standard which in its entirety is meant to be used as the basis for evaluation of security properties of IT products. This document provides an overview of all parts of the ISO/IEC 15408 series. It describes the various parts of the ISO/IEC 15408 series; defines the terms and abbreviations to be used in all parts of the standard; establishes the core concept of a Target of Evaluation (TOE); describes the evaluation context and describes the audience to which the evaluation criteria is addressed. An introduction to the basic security concepts necessary for evaluation of IT products is given. This document introduces: — the key concepts of Protection Profiles (PP), PP-Modules, PP-Configurations, packages, Security Targets (ST), and conformance types; — a description of the organization of security components throughout the model; — the various operations by which the functional and assurance components given in ISO/IEC 15408‑2 and ISO/IEC 15408‑3 can be tailored through the use of permitted operations; — general information about the evaluation methods given in ISO/IEC 18045; — guidance for the application of ISO/IEC 15408‑4 in order to develop evaluation methods (EM) and evaluation activities (EA) derived from ISO/IEC 18045; — general information about the pre-defined Evaluation Assurance Levels (EALs) defined in ISO/IEC 15408‑5; — information in regard to the scope of evaluation schemes.