信息技术.商业运作纵览.第1部分:实施用开放电子数据交换操作问题

[中文适用范围]： 本部分ISO/IEC 15944解决了商业和法律框架及其环境对业务交易的基本要求，并整合了信息技术和电信环境的要求。除了现有的“可移植性”和“互操作性”战略方向外，本部分ISO/IEC 15944还支持ISO/IEC JTC 1的“文化适应性”战略方向。它还支持来自公共政策/消费者环境、跨部门需求以及解决横向问题的需求。它整合了这些不同的需求集。参见图3。本部分ISO/IEC 15944允许定义并清晰地将约束（包括法律要求、商业和/或国际贸易及合同条款、公共政策（例如隐私/数据保护、产品或服务标签、消费者保护）、法律法规）集成到Open-edi中，通过业务操作视图（BOV）。这意味着本部分ISO/IEC 15944中的术语和定义充当了这些不同业务操作需求集之间的共同桥梁，允许将这些需求集的代码集和规则定义集成到业务流程中。本部分ISO/IEC 15944包含一种方法和工具，用于将常见的业务实践指定为业务交易的组成部分，形式为场景、场景属性、角色、信息包和语义组件。它通过1）开发常见业务规则和实践的标准化计算机可处理规范作为场景和场景组件；从而2）最大化这些组件在业务交易中的重用。 [外文原描述]： The Open-edi Reference Model (ISO/IEC 14662:2010, Clause 4) states: "The intention is that the sending, by an Open-edi Party, of information from a scenario, conforming to Open-edi standards, shall allow the acceptance and processing of that information in the context of that scenario by one or more Open-edi Parties by reference to the scenario and without the need for agreement. However, the legal requirements and/or liabilities resulting from the engagement of an organization in any Open-edi transaction may be conditioned by the competent legal environment(s) or the formation of a legal interchange agreement between the participating organizations. Open-edi Parties need to observe rule-based behaviour and possess the ability to make commitments in Open-edi (e.g., business, operational, technical, legal, and/or audit perspectives)." ISO/IEC 15944-1:2011 addresses the fundamental requirements of the commercial and legal frameworks and their environments on business transactions, and also integrates the requirements of the information technology and telecommunications environments. In addition to the existing strategic directions of "portability" and "interoperability", the added strategic direction of ISO/IEC JTC 1 of "cultural adaptability" is supported in ISO/IEC 15944-1:2011. It also supports requirements arising from the public policy/consumer environment, cross-sectorial requirements and the need to address horizontal issues. It integrates these different sets of requirements. ISO/IEC 15944-1:2011 allows constraints [which include legal requirements, commercial and/or international trade and contract terms, public policy (e.g. privacy/data protection, product or service labelling, consumer protection), laws and regulations] to be defined and clearly integrated into Open-edi through the BOV. This means that terms and definitions in ISO/IEC 15944-1:2011 serve as a common bridge between these different sets of business operational requirements, allowing the integration of code sets and rules defining these requirements to be integrated into business processes electronically. ISO/IEC 15944-1:2011 contains a methodology and tool for specifying common business practices as parts of common business transactions in the form of scenarios, scenario attributes, roles, Information Bundles and Semantic Components. It achieves this by 1) developing standard computer processable specifications of common business rules and practices as scenarios and scenario components; and thus 2) maximizing the re-use of these components in business transactions.