信息技术.项目管理用无线射频识别.第6部分:空中接口参数从860 MHz至960 MHz的通信

[中文适用范围]： 本部分 ISO/IEC 18000 定义了用于物品管理应用的射频识别（RFID）设备在 860 MHz 至 960 MHz 工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段运行的空中接口。它为可用于 ISO 委员会开发 RFID 应用标准的 RFID 设备提供了共同的技术规范。本部分旨在实现产品的兼容性并鼓励国际市场上 RFID 产品的互操作性。它定义了包括工作频率、工作信道精度、占用信道带宽、最大有效全向辐射功率（EIRP）、杂散发射、调制、占空比、数据编码、比特率、比特率精度、比特传输顺序以及（在适当情况下）工作信道、跳频速率、跳频序列、扩频序列和码速率在内的技术属性。此外，它还定义了空中接口中使用的通信协议。 本部分 ISO/IEC 18000 与 ISO/IEC 18000-61、ISO/IEC 18000-62、ISO/IEC 18000-63 和 ISO/IEC 18000-64 一起，规定了在 860 MHz 至 960 MHz 频段运行的无源背散射、 interrogator 先谈（ITF）或标签仅在倾听后交谈（TOTAL）RFID 系统的物理和逻辑要求。该系统包括 interrogators（也称为阅读器）和 tags（也称为标签）。Interrogator 通过向标签发射连续波（CW）射频信号接收来自标签的信息；标签响应通过调制其天线的反射系数，从而将信息信号背散射回 Interrogator。系统为 ITF，意味着标签仅在被 Interrogator 指示后才调制其天线反射系数以携带信息信号，或者为 TOTAL，意味着标签在首先进入 Interrogator 场域并在其中监听 Interrogator 调制以确定系统是否为 ITF 后，调制其天线反射系数以携带信息信号。 本部分 ISO/IEC 18000 包含一种模式，分为四种类型。四种类型之间的详细技术差异见相关的参数表。A、B 和 C 型为 ITF。A 型在前向链路中使用脉冲间隔编码（PIE）和自适应 ALOHA 冲突仲裁算法。B 型在前向链路中使用 Manchester 编码和自适应二叉树冲突仲裁算法。C 型在前向链路中使用 PIE 和随机时隙冲突仲裁算法。D 型基于脉冲位置编码或 Miller M=2 编码副载波的 TOTAL 技术。 本部分 ISO/IEC 18000 与 ISO/IEC 18000-61、ISO/IEC 18000-62、ISO/IEC 18000-63 和 ISO/IEC 18000-64 一起规定了： - Interrogator 与标签之间的物理交互（通信链路的信令层）； - Interrogator 和标签的操作过程及命令； - 用于在多标签环境中识别特定标签的冲突仲裁方案。 [外文原描述]： ISO/IEC 18000-6:2013 defines the air interface for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band used in item management applications. It provides a common technical specification for RFID devices that can be used by ISO committees developing RFID application standards. It is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage inter-operability of products for the growing RFID market in the international marketplace. It defines the forward and return link parameters for technical attributes including, but not limited to, operating frequency, operating channel accuracy, occupied channel bandwidth, maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), spurious emissions, modulation, duty cycle, data coding, bit rate, bit rate accuracy, bit transmission order, and, where appropriate, operating channels, frequency hop rate, hop sequence, spreading sequence, and chip rate. It further defines the communications protocol used in the air interface. ISO/IEC 18000-6:2013 together with ISO/IEC 18000-61, ISO/IEC 18000-62, ISO/IEC 18000-63 and ISO/IEC 18000-64 specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-Talks-First (ITF) or tag-only-talks-after-listening (TOTAL) RFID system. The system comprises Interrogators, also known as readers, and tags, also known as labels. An Interrogator receives information from a tag by transmitting a continuous-wave (CW) RF signal to the tag; the tag responds by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering an information signal to the Interrogator. The system is ITF, meaning that a tag modulates its antenna reflection coefficient with an information signal only after being directed to do so by an Interrogator, or TOTAL, meaning that a tag modulates its antenna reflection coefficient with an information signal upon entering an Interrogator's field after first listening for Interrogator modulation in order to determine if the system is ITF or not. ISO/IEC 18000-6:2013 contains one mode with four types. The detailed technical differences between the four types are shown in the associated parameter tables. Types A, B and C are ITF. Type A uses Pulse-Interval Encoding (PIE) in the forward link and an adaptive ALOHA collision-arbitration algorithm. Type B uses Manchester in the forward link and an adaptive binary-tree collision-arbitration algorithm. Type C uses PIE in the forward link and a random slotted collision-arbitration algorithm. Type D is TOTAL based on Pulse Position Encoding or Miller M=2 encoded subcarrier.