信息技术.程序设计语言.COBOL

[中文适用范围]： 本文档规定了 COBOL 的语法和语义。其目的是促进高度的机器独立性，以允许在各种数据处理系统上使用 COBOL。本文档规定了： — 用 COBOL 编写的编译组的形式。 — 编译编译组的效果。 — 执行运行单元的效果。 — 需要符合要求的实现来提供定义的语言元素。 — 含义明确未定义的语言元素。 — 依赖于处理器功能的语言元素。本文档不规定： — 将用 COBOL 编写的编译组编译为处理器可执行代码的方法。 — 方法、函数或程序运行时模块链接或绑定到激活语句的时间，但在编译时无法识别适当的程序或方法时，运行时绑定是必然发生的。 — 扩展参数化类和接口的时间。 — 定义区域设置并在处理器上可用的机制。 — 错误、标记或警告消息的形式或内容。 — 编译过程中生成的列表的形式和内容（如果有）。 — 符合本文档的产品实施者生成的文档形式。 — 运行单元之间共享文件以外的对象和资源。 ISO/IEC 1989:2023 (E) 2 ©ISO/IEC 2023 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the syntax and semantics of COBOL. Its purpose is to promote a high degree of machine independence to permit the use of COBOL on a variety of data processing systems. This document specifies: The form of a compilation group written in COBOL. The effect of compiling a compilation group. The effect of executing run units. The elements of the language for which a conforming implementation is required to supply a definition. The elements of the language for which meaning is explicitly undefined. The elements of the language that are dependent on the capabilities of the processor. This document does not specify: The means whereby a compilation group written in COBOL is compiled into code executable by a processor. The time at which method, function, or program runtime modules are linked or bound to an activating statement, except that runtime binding occurs of necessity when the identification of the appropriate program or method is not known at compile time. The time at which parameterized classes and interfaces are expanded. The mechanism by which locales are defined and made available on a processor. The form or content of error, flagging, or warning messages. The form and content of listings produced during compilation, if any. The form of documentation produced by an implementor of products conforming to this document. The sharing of objects and resources other than files among run units.