标准库（LSB）-第1-2部分:核心规范通用部分

[中文适用范围]： Linux标准基础（LSB）定义了编译应用程序的系统接口和安装脚本支持的最小环境。其目的是为符合LSB的大批量应用程序提供一个统一的行业标准环境。 这些规范由两个基本部分组成：一个描述在所有LSB实现中保持不变的接口部分的通用部分，以及一个描述因处理器架构而异的接口部分的架构特定部分。通用部分和单个硬件架构的相关架构特定部分共同为共享共同硬件架构的系统上的编译应用程序程序提供了完整的接口规范。 LSB包含一组应用程序编程接口（API）和应用程序二进制接口（ABI）。API可能出现在便携式应用程序的源代码中，而该应用程序的编译二进制文件可能使用更大的ABI集。符合要求的实现提供了这里列出的所有ABI。编译系统可以用一个或多个底层二进制接口的调用来替换某些API（例如通过宏定义），并可以根据需要插入对二进制接口的调用。 LSB主要是一个二进制接口定义。并非所有应用程序可用的源代码级API都包含在本规范中。 这是Linux标准基础（LSB）核心模块的通用部分，LSB核心 - 通用。该模块提供了所有符合要求的应用程序和库所依赖的基本系统接口、库和运行时环境。 LSB核心 - 通用，即通用部分，应与架构特定部分结合使用。每当通用部分的某个部分由架构特定信息补充时，通用部分包括对架构特定部分的引用。LSB核心规范的架构特定部分也可能包含通用部分中未引用的其他信息。 本部分LSB核心规范中描述的接口是强制性的，除非明确列出例外情况。LSB核心模块中描述的接口由其他LSB模块补充。所有其他模块都依赖于LSB核心的存在。 [外文原描述]： This document defines a system interface for compiled applications and a minimal environment for support of installation scripts. Its purpose is to enable a uniform industry standard environment for high-volume applications conforming to the LSB. These specifications are composed of two basic parts: a common part describing those parts of the interface that remain constant across all implementations of the LSB, and an architecture-specific part describing the parts of the interface that vary by processor architecture. Together, the common part and the relevant architecture-specific part for a single hardware architecture provide a complete interface specification for compiled application programs on systems that share a common hardware architecture. The LSB contains both a set of Application Program Interfaces (APIs) and Application Binary Interfaces (ABIs). APIs may appear in the source code of portable applications, while the compiled binary of that application may use the larger set of ABIs. A conforming implementation provides all of the ABIs listed here. The compilation system may replace (e.g. by macro definition) certain APIs with calls to one or more of the underlying binary interfaces, and may insert calls to binary interfaces as needed. The LSB is primarily a binary interface definition. Not all of the source level APIs available to applications may be contained in this specification. This is the common part of the Core module of the Linux Standard Base (LSB), LSB Core - Generic. This module provides the fundamental system interfaces, libraries, and runtime environment upon which all conforming applications and libraries depend. LSB Core - Generic, the common part, should be used in conjunction with an architecture-specific part. Whenever a section of the common part is supplemented by architecture-specific information, the common part includes a reference to the architecture-specific part. Architecture-specific parts of the LSB Core Specification may also contain additional information that is not referenced in the common part. Interfaces described in this part of the LSB Core Specification are mandatory except where explicitly listed otherwise. Interfaces described in the LSB Core module are supplemented by other LSB modules. All other modules depend on the presence of LSB Core.