标准摘要
[中文适用范围]: 本国际标准规定了逻辑语言家族,用于表示和交换不同计算机系统之间的信息和数据。本国际标准的设计必须具备以下特点: • 该家族中的语言具有声明性语义。无需借助解释器来操作这些表达式,就可以理解这些语言中表达式的含义。 • 该家族中的语言在逻辑上是全面的 — 最一般地说,它们可以表达任意的一阶逻辑句子。 • 异构计算机系统之间的信息交换。以下内容属于本国际标准的范围: • 本体和知识库中信息的表示; • 作为推理引擎输入或输出的表达式的规范; • 语言中符号的正式解释。以下内容不属于本国际标准的范围: • 证明理论或推理规则的规范; • 异构计算机系统符号之间的翻译器的规范; • 提供逻辑“论域”中的符号与“现实世界”中的个体之间关系的基于计算机的操作方法。本国际标准描述了通用逻辑的语法和语义。它为一阶逻辑的特定扩展定义了抽象语法和相关的模型论语义。其目的是使任何使用一阶逻辑的系统的内容都可以在本国际标准中表示出来。其目的是促进系统之间基于一阶逻辑的信息交换。本国际标准未涉及与可计算性相关的问题(效率、优化等)。 [外文原描述]: ISO/IEC 24707:2007 defines Common Logic: a first-order logic framework intended for information exchange and transmission. The heart of the framework is a complete abstract syntax and abstract semantics for Common Logic, which provides the basis for many different concrete syntactic forms, called dialects, which conform to the syntax and semantics. Common Logic has some novel features, chief among them being a syntax which is signature-free and permits 'higher-order' constructions such as quantification over classes or relations while preserving a first-order model theory, and a semantics which allows theories to describe intensional entities such as classes or properties. It also fixes the meanings of a few conventions in widespread use, such as numerals to denote integers and quotation marks to denote character strings, and has provision for the use of datatypes and for naming, importing and transmitting content on the World Wide Web. ISO/IEC 24707:2007 defines the abstract syntax and semantics, and three concrete dialects are defined in the annexes. The three conforming dialects specified are Common Logic Interchange Format (CLIF), Conceptual Graph Interchange Format (CGIF) and XML for Common Logic (XCL).
英文名称Information technology - Common Logic (CL): a framework for a family of logic-based languages