系统和软件工程

[中文适用范围]： 本文件定义了一个使用质量模型，该模型由三个特性（进一步细分为子特性）组成，当产品或系统在指定的使用环境中使用时，这些特性可能会影响利益相关者。该模型适用于整个信息系统和 IT 服务系统，包括在用的计算机系统和在用的软件产品。本文件提供了一组用于指定、测量、评估和改进使用质量的质量特性。在本文件中，由于使用环境被指定为使用质量的先决条件，因此当产品或服务打算满足的使用环境发生变化时，需要重新指定使用环境以改变先决条件。负责指定和评估软件产品质量的人员，如开发人员、采购方、质量保证和控制人员以及独立评估人员，可以特别应用该模型。产品开发过程中可以从使用质量模型中受益的活动包括但不限于：——确定在用信息系统和 IT 服务系统的要求；——验证使用质量需求规范的全面性； — 确定信息系统和 IT 服务系统的使用质量设计目标； — 确定使用质量控制准则作为总体质量保证的一部分； — 确定信息系统和 IT 服务系统或多个信息系统的验收准则； — 制定措施来应对在特定使用环境下使用产品的后果； — 提出使用信息系统和 IT 服务系统时的道德考虑评估项目； — 支持数字化活动的治理。 [外文原描述]： This document defines a quality-in-use model composed of three characteristics (which are further subdivided into sub-characteristics) that can influence stakeholders when products or systems are used in a specified context of use. This model is applicable to the entire spectrum of information system and IT service system, including both computer systems in use and software products in use. This document provides a set of quality characteristics for specifying, measuring, evaluating and improving quality-in-use. In this document, because context of use is specified as prerequisite of quality-in-use, context of use is necessary to be re-specified to change prerequisite when a product or service intend to fulfil to context of use changes. The model can be applied, in particular, by those responsible for specifying and evaluating software product quality, such as developers, acquirers, quality assurance and control staff, and independent evaluators. Activities during product development that can benefit from the use of the quality model can include, but are not limited to: — identifying requirements for information system and IT service system in use; — validating the comprehensiveness of a quality-in-use requirements specification; — identifying information system and IT service system design objectives for quality-in-use; — identifying quality-in-use control criteria as part of overall quality assurance; — identifying acceptance criteria for information system and IT service system or information systems; — establishing measures to address the consequences of using products in specified context-of -use; — presenting evaluation items for ethics considerations when using information system and IT service system; — supporting governance of digitalization activities.