系统和软件工程.系统和软件质量要求和评价（SQuaRE）.质量要求框架

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了质量要求的框架，涵盖了系统、软件产品和数据的质量要求的概念以及实现、定义、使用和管理这些要求的过程与方法。 适用于： — 购买方：评估系统/软件产品/数据是否符合其价值主张，即满足预期的质量 — 开发人员：设计、实现和测试系统/软件产品/数据以确保其达到预期质量 — 测试人员：验证和确认系统/软件产品/数据是否符合预期质量 — 项目经理：计划、监控并控制预期质量的实现 — 独立评估人员：根据客观标准对系统/软件产品/数据进行评估。 本文件符合ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288中定义的技术流程，这些流程与利益相关者的质量需求 elicitation 以及质量要求的定义、分析和维护有关。 在此文件中，ISO/IEC 25010和ISO/IEC 25012中的质量模型用于对质量要求进行分类，并为质量度量（ISO/IEC 2502n）提供依据。 本文件不涵盖其他要求的规范（如功能要求、过程要求等），也不规定任何特定的质量度量或开发流程。 [外文原描述]： This document provides the framework for quality requirements for systems, software products and data, which includes concept of the quality requirements, and requirements and recommendations for the processes and methods to elicit, define, use and govern them. Intended readers of this document include, but are not limited to: — acquirers: evaluate if the system/software products/data fulfills their value proposition, i.e., meets the expected quality, — developers: design, implement and test the system/software products/data to ensure that it meets the expected quality, — testers: verify and validate that the system/software products/data meets the expected quality, — project managers: plan, monitor and control the achievement of the expected quality, and — independent evaluators: evaluate the system/software products/data with the objective criteria. This document complies with the technical processes defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288, which are relevant for elicitation of stakeholders' quality needs and for defining, analyzing and maintaining quality requirements. In this document, the quality models in ISO/IEC 25010 and ISO/IEC 25012 are used to categorize quality requirements and to provide a basis for quantifying them in terms of quality measures in the quality measure division of ISO/IEC 2502n. This document does not cover specification of the other requirements (such as functional requirements, process requirements, etc.), and prescribes neither any specific quality measure nor any specific development process.