系统和软件工程.测量过程

[中文适用范围]： 本文件建立了一种适用于系统和软件测量的共同过程和框架。它从工程角度定义了一个过程和相关的术语。该过程可应用于整个生命周期中的项目和产品。测量过程可应用于整个生命周期，以帮助规划和管理系统或软件生命周期的所有阶段、管理、评估和决策。本文件还提供了用于组织或项目内测量过程定义、控制和改进的活动。本文件不假设或规定测量的组织模型。用户可自行决定是否需要在组织内设立独立的测量职能，以及该职能应整合到各个项目中还是跨项目整合，这基于当前的组织结构、文化和现有约束。本文件不规定一套具体的指标、方法、模型或技术。文档用户负责为项目选择一套指标，并定义这些指标在整个过程、产品和其他生命周期元素中的应用。各方还负责选择和适用适合项目的适当方法、模型、工具和 technique。本文件不打算规定要产生的信息项的名称、格式、显式内容或记录介质。本文件不暗示文档必须以某种方式打包或组合。这些决定留给文档用户。ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289 解决了生命周期过程信息项（文档）的内容。测量过程应与组织质量系统适当整合。本文件并未明确涵盖内部审计和不合规报告的所有方面，因为假设它们属于质量系统领域。本文件不打算与任何现有的组织政策、标准或程序冲突。然而，任何冲突都应解决，任何覆盖情况和情况需要书面引用为对本文件应用的例外。 [外文原描述]： ISO/IEC/IEEE 15939:2017 provides an elaboration of the measurement process from ISO/IEC 15288 and ISO/IEC 12207. The measurement process is applicable to system and software engineering and management disciplines. The process is described through a model that defines the activities of the measurement process that are required to adequately specify what measurement information is required, how the measures and analysis results are to be applied, and how to determine if the analysis results are valid. The measurement process is flexible, tailorable, and adaptable to the needs of different users. ISO/IEC/IEEE 15939:2017 identifies a process that supports defining a suitable set of measures that address specific information needs. It identifies the activities and tasks that are necessary to successfully identify, define, select, apply, and improve measurement within an overall project or organizational measurement structure. It also provides definitions for commonly used measurement terms.