系统和软件工程

[中文适用范围]： 本文件为系统和软件的生命周期管理提供了指南，是对 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 和 ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 中所述过程的补充。本文件： — 涉及系统概念和生命周期概念、模型、阶段、过程、过程应用、关键观点、适应性和在不同领域和不同学科的使用； — 为管理提供或获取产品或服务的项目建立一个描述生命周期（包括其各个阶段）的通用框架； — 定义生命周期的概念； — 支持在组织或项目内使用生命周期过程；组织和项目在获取和提供产品或服务时可以使用这些生命周期概念； — 为适应生命周期模型和与生命周期或生命周期某一部分相关的内容提供指南； — 描述在应用 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288（系统方面）和 ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207（软件系统方面）中的过程时生命周期与其用途之间的关系； — 展示生命周期概念与项目的硬件、人员、服务、过程、程序、设施和自然发生的实体方面之间的关系； — 描述其概念如何与详细过程标准相关，例如在测量、项目管理、风险管理和基于模型的系统和软件工程领域。 [外文原描述]： This document provides guidance for the life cycle management of systems and software, complementing the processes described in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207. This document: — addresses systems concepts and life cycle concepts, models, stages, processes, process application, key points of view, adaptation and use in various domains and by various disciplines; — establishes a common framework for describing life cycles, including their individual stages, for the management of projects that provide or acquire either products or services; — defines the concept of a life cycle; — supports the use of the life cycle processes within an organization or a project; organizations and projects can use these life cycle concepts when acquiring and supplying either products or services; — provides guidance on adapting a life cycle model and the content associated with a life cycle or a part of a life cycle; — describes the relationship between life cycles and their use in applying the processes in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 (systems aspects) and ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 (software systems aspects); — shows the relationships of life cycle concepts to the hardware, human, services, process, procedure, facility and naturally occurring entity aspects of projects; — describes how its concepts relate to detailed process standards, for example, in the areas of measurement, project management, risk management and model-based systems and software engineering.