标准摘要
[中文适用范围]: 本技术报告根据 ISO/IEC 9126-1 中定义的特性和子特性定义了定量测量外部软件质量的内部指标,并旨在与 ISO/IEC 9126-1 一起使用。 本技术报告包含: I. 如何应用软件质量指标的解释 II.每个子特征的一组基本指标 III.如何在软件产品生命周期中应用指标的示例 本技术报告并未将这些指标的值范围分配给评级级别或合规性等级,因为这些值是针对每个软件产品或软件产品的一部分定义的就其性质而言,取决于软件类别、完整性级别和用户需求等因素。 某些属性可能有一个理想的值范围,该范围不取决于特定的用户需求,而是取决于通用因素;例如,人类认知因素。 本技术报告可应用于任何应用程序的任何类型的软件。 本技术报告的用户可以选择或修改并应用本技术报告中的指标和测量,或者可以为其各个应用程序域定义特定于应用程序的指标。 例如,安全性等质量特性的具体测量可在 IEC 65 和 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27 提供的国际标准或技术报告中找到。 本技术报告的预期用户包括: ——收单方(个人)或从供应商处获取或采购系统、软件产品或软件服务的组织); ——评估者(进行评估的个人或组织。 评估者可以是测试实验室、软件开发组织的质量部门、政府组织或用户); ——开发人员(在软件生命周期过程中执行开发活动,包括需求分析、设计和测试直至验收的个人或组织); ——维护者(执行维护活动的个人或组织); ——供应商(根据合同条款与需方签订供应系统、软件产品或软件服务合同的个人或组织)在资格测试中验证软件质量时; ——用户(使用软件产品执行特定功能的个人或组织)在验收测试中评估软件产品的质量时; ——质量经理(对软件产品或软件服务进行系统检查的个人或组织)在评估软件质量作为质量保证和质量控制的一部分时。 [外文原描述]: ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 provides internal metrics for measuring attributes of six external quality characteristics defined in ISO/IEC 9126-1. ISO/IEC TR 9126-2 defines external metrics, ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 defines internal metrics and ISO/IEC 9126-4 defines quality in use metrics, for measurement of the characteristics or the subcharacteristics. Internal metrics measure the software itself, external metrics measure the behaviour of the computer-based system that includes the software, and quality in use metrics measure the effects of using the software in a specific context of use. The metrics listed in ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 are not intended to be an exhaustive set. Developers, evaluators, quality managers, maintainers, suppliers, users and acquirers may select metrics from ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 for defining requirements, evaluating software products, measuring quality aspects and other purposes. Users of ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 can select or modify and apply metrics and measures from ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 or may define application-specific metrics for their individual application domain. For internal metrics view, there are pure internal metrics proposed for reference purposes. ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 is intended to be used together with ISO/IEC 9126-1. ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 contains: an explanation of how to apply software quality metrics;a basic set of metrics for each subcharacteristic;an example of how to apply metrics during the software product life cycle. ISO/IEC TR 9126-3:2003 does not assign ranges of values of these metrics to rated levels or to grades of compliance, because these values are defined for each software product or a part of the software product, by its nature, depending on such factors as category of the software, integrity level and users' needs. Some attributes may have a desirable range of values, which does not depend on specific user needs but depends on generic factors; for example, human cognitive factors.
英文名称Software engineering - Product quality - Part 3: Internal metrics