用于方向控制研究的车辆和悬架参数的测量 基本原理

[中文适用范围]： 本 SAE 信息报告介绍了 SAE J1574-1 的背景和基本原理。机动车辆行业正在努力通过使用各种预测对道路和操作员输入的响应的技术，更全面地了解影响车辆在道路上运动的因素。预测响应的能力是必要的，以便车辆的设计能够实现最佳的安全性和实用性。除了充气轮胎的力和力矩特性外，许多车辆和悬架参数也会影响车辆的响应；这些包括重量、重心位置、惯性矩、悬架行驶和侧倾速率、悬架运动学和顺应性特性以及减震器特性。必须量化这些参数才能预测车辆响应。大多数这些参数的测量将仅限于确定它们在线性范围内的值，以用于方向控制模拟。 [外文原描述]： This SAE Information Report presents the background and rationale for SAE J1574-1.The motor vehicle industry is working toward a more complete understanding of the factors affecting the motions of vehicles on the roadway, by using a variety of techniques that predict responses to road and operator inputs. The capability to predict responses is desirable so that vehicles can be designed for optimum safety and utility. In addition to the force and moment properties of the pneumatic tires, a number of vehicle and suspension parameters affect the response of the vehicle; these include weight, center-of-gravity location, moments of inertia, suspension ride and roll rates, suspension kinematic and compliance properties, and shock absorber characteristics. These parameters must be quantified in order to predict vehicle responses.Measurement of most of these parameters will be limited to determining their values in the linear range for use in directional control simulations. The limitation to linear range characteristics primarily reflects current measurement practice, to which SAE J1574-1 is directed. In the case of mass and inertia properties, this limitation clearly does not apply. For those to which it does apply, it is not felt to be a serious limitation since most of the measurement techniques can be extended beyond the linear range through appropriate increases in steering or suspension displacement or loading. Use of the measured parameters in simulations is assumed as the most frequent use. However, this does not seem to limit their use to simulations. Vehicle and suspension characteristics appropriate for simulation can equally well be used for vehicle and suspension characterization and comparison, suspension development and optimization, and processing of road test data.As noted in SAE J1574-1, vehicles addressed will be limited to passenger cars, light trucks, and on-highway recreational and commercial vehicles with two or more axles of approximately the same wheel track. This excludes bicycles, motorcycles, tricycles, and vehicles intended primarily for off-highway use. This limitation is largely a recognition of the types of vehicles historically measured for ride and directional control simulation, since SAE J1574-1 has been written to document the current state-of-the-art rather than to expand it. Additionally, inclusion of these other vehicles might well require measurement of other chassis characteristics to properly simulate their dynamic characteristics. The measurement of these additional characteristics may not be supported by widespread experimental practice.Cross Reference: 720473,730182,840561,850219,870576,870577