公路车辆的空气动力学测试.开式风洞调整

[中文适用范围]： 作为道路驾驶的模拟，全尺寸车辆的风洞试验在气动力、气动力力矩、表面压力等方面都会产生一定的误差。一般来说，这些误差的大小取决于以下因素：a.）流动质量，b.）参考动压力的确定，c.）风洞地板边界层，d.）测试部分的几何形状和汽车的位置在该几何形状内，e.) 车辆的形状，f.) 阻塞比：车辆的横截面积与风洞喷嘴的横截面积之比，g.) 车轮旋转，h. ) 模型中的内部流动。 SAE 标准委员会“开放式风洞风洞调整”的目标是记录模型干扰对汽车开放式喷射风洞风洞测试结果影响的知识。本文件包含与该主题相关的以下信息：a.) 开放式喉部风洞的设计数据，b.) 已发表和未发表的测试数据的摘要，c.) 汽车测试中各种堵塞校正程序的文件和理论解释， d.) 堵塞校正程序的严格评估，特别是与其他影响相关的评估，例如测试路段几何形状、轿厢位置、地板边界层等，以及 e.) 推荐校准程序以确定堵塞的影响以及每个风洞中的其他影响。 [外文原描述]： As a simulation of road driving, wind tunnel testing of full-size vehicles produces certain errors in the aerodynamic forces, aerodynamic moments, and surface pressures. The magnitude of these errors, in general, depends on the following:aFlow qualitybDetermination of the reference dynamic pressurecWind tunnel floor boundary layerdTest section geometry and position of the car within that geometryeShape of the vehiclefBlockage ratio: The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the vehicle to the cross-sectional area of the wind tunnel nozzlegWheel rotationhInternal flow in the modelThe SAE StandardDetails Committee, Open Throat Wind Tunnel Adjustments had as a goal to document the knowledge of the influence of model interference on wind tunnel test results for automotive open jet wind tunnels. This document contains the following information related to this subject:aDesign data of open throat wind tunnelsbA summary of published and unpublished test datacDocumentation and theoretical explanation of various blockage correction procedures for automotive testsdCritical evaluation of blockage correction procedures, especially in relation to other influences, such as test section geometry, position of the car, floor boundary layer, etc.eRecommendation of a calibration procedure to determine the effect of blockage and other influences in each individual wind tunnelAn initial goal of the committee, to recommend a well proven correction procedure for automotive open jet wind tunnels based on blockage theory ( Figure 1 ), could not be established at this time. The reason is that, besides blockage, other factors, such as test section geometry, are at least as influential as pure blockage. As these influential parameters are wind tunnel specific, a general valid adjustment procedure is presently not available.Cross Reference: 700035,800139,800140,810187,830301,860093,RAE Tech Report 78151,RAETechReport78