重型电动汽车的无线电力传输

[中文适用范围]： 已发布的 SAE J2954 标准建立了行业范围的规范，定义了轻型插电式电动汽车的互操作性、电磁兼容性、EMF、最低性能、安全性和无线电力传输 (WPT) 测试的可接受标准。这份 SAE 信息报告 SAE J2954/2 定义了重型电动汽车所需的更高功率范围内的新功率传输水平。本文件解决了基于这些充电水平和不同车辆应用的要求，作为完成行业可使用的标准的第一步，该标准适用于私人（车队）和公共无线电力传输，包括电动汽车电池充电。本文档是实现高清静态和动态 WPT 过程的第一步。该文件缺乏具体要求和解决方案，需要现场数据。 [外文原描述]： The SAE J2954 standard establishes an industry-wide specification that defines acceptable criteria for interoperability, electromagnetic compatibility, EMF, minimum performance, safety, and testing for wireless power transfer (WPT) of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles. The specification defines three charging levels up to 11 kVA and in future revisions up to 22 kVA. A standard for WPT based on these charge levels enables selection of a charging rate based on vehicle requirements, thus allowing for better vehicle packaging and ease of customer use. This is meant to be used in conjunction with communications standard SAE J2847/6 and use cases J2836/6 and ground assembly WPT Certification UL 2750. The specification supports home (private) charging and public wireless charging. In the near term, vehicles that are able to be charged wirelessly under SAE J2954 should also be able to be charged conductively by SAE J1772 plug-in chargers. This standard addresses stationary light-duty applications (charging while vehicle is not in motion); heavy-duty applications are considered in SAE J2954/2 and dynamic applications are to be specified in SAE J2954/3. In this version, only above-ground (surface-mounted) installations are covered; flush-mounted installations have been discussed and are planned to be specified in the next revision. SAE J2954 contains requirements for safety, performance, and interoperability. It also contains recommended methods for evaluating electromagnetic emissions, but the requirements and test procedures are controlled by regulatory bodies. Development of the interoperability requirements in this standard employed a performance-based evaluation of candidate designs using a standardized Test Station and procedures, resulting in defining reference devices that are used to determine acceptable performance of products. While this version of SAE J2954 explicitly specifies unidirectional WPT in the forward direction (from grid to vehicle), the next revision of this document is planned to also address testing and communication requirements for bidirectional transfer. V2G WPT may be integrated into future product applications for overnight fleet or home-based charging systems that aim to support regional smart grid interactions. That is, requirements for also transferring energy in the reverse direction using the vehicle high voltage energy storage to provide power to loads on the infrastructure side. The specific requirements for connecting back to the grid, to other vehicles, or to external devices are covered in other SAE StandardDetails. SAE J2954 will provide grid-equivalent voltage and current by sourcing it from the vehicle battery system. Until the time SAE J2954 explicitly covers bidirectional energy transfer as a standard, some sections of this current version are directly applicable to evaluate certain aspects in the development of bidirectional systems. Bidirectional V2G, WPT is to be used in conjunction per StandardDetails SAE J3072 and SAE J2836/3 (and applicable IEEE and UL StandardDetails).