级别 3 4 和 5 原型自动驾驶系统 (ADS) 的安全道路测试指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了对配备 SAE J3016 定义的原型条件@高@和完整（3-5级）自动驾驶系统（ADS）@的车辆进行安全道路测试的指南。它不包括测试用于向公众销售的生产 ADS 的指南。范围进一步限于在公共道路上测试自动原型车。这些指南不涉及： ?测试驾驶员辅助（1 级）或部分（2 级）自动化系统@，这些系统依赖于人类驾驶员来监控环境。 （有关自动化系统级别的定义，请参阅 SAE J3016。） ?闭路测试。 ？组件级测试。特定原型的精确道路测试制度将取决于预期的自动化水平和原型的目标功能（有关更多信息，请参阅 SAE J3016）。假定适合在公共道路上测试的原型已经通过了实验室和/或闭路测试@，本文件未涉及这些问题。目的 本文件的目的是提供信息和指南，供汽车设计师、测试工程师和政策制定者使用，这些设计师、测试工程师和政策制定者关心配备 3 级（有条件）@ 4 级（高）@ 或 5 级（全）ADS@，其特点是能够执行完整的动态驾驶任务，无论这种性能是否限于特定的驾驶模式和/或道路/位置。 [外文原描述]： This document provides preliminary 2x safety-relevant guidance for in-vehicle fallback test driver training and for on-road testing of vehicles being operated by prototype conditional, high, and full (Levels 3 to 5) ADS, as defined by SAE J3016. It does not include guidance for evaluating the performance of post-production ADS-equipped vehicles. Moreover, this guidance only addresses testing of ADS-operated vehicles as overseen by in-vehicle fallback test drivers (IFTD).These guidelines do not address:Remote driving, including remote fallback test driving of prototype ADS-operated test vehicles in driverless operation. (Note: The term “remote fallback test driver” is included as a defined term herein and is intended to be addressed in a future iteration of this document. However, at this time, too little is published or known about this type of testing to provide even preliminary guidance.)Testing of driver support features (i.e., Levels 1 and 2), which rely on a human driver to perform part of the dynamic driving task (DDT) and to supervise the driving automation feature’s performance in real time. (Refer to SAE J3016.)Closed-course testing.Simulation testing (except for training purposes).Component-level testing.These guidelines also do not address prototype vehicle and IFTD performance data collection and retention. The collection of data invokes various legal and risk management considerations that users of this document should nevertheless bear in mind, such as:Maintaining auditable procedures and documentation.Adhering to applicable privacy laws and principles.Ensuring adequate data collection and recording integrity to support post-crash forensic analysis.Cross Reference: