将实验性驾驶分心和驾驶性能指标与碰撞参与相关联 - 术语和概念的定义

[中文适用范围]： 本信息报告提供了功能定义以及关键术语和概念的讨论，用于将驾驶员分心的实验评估与现实世界的碰撞事故联系起来。驾驶员分心和驾驶性能指标的示例包括与车辆控制@对象和事件检测和响应（OEDR）@生理指标@主观评估@或其组合相关的指标。现实世界的事故参与指标的例子包括风险比@比率@和比值比的流行病学效应大小测量。本文档中定义的术语和概念无意于为评估某个领域内的各个指标的方法做出贡献；这些内容包含在其他 SAE 文件（例如@ SAE J2944）和 SAE 技术报告中。对于在一个域或另一个域中选择的任何度量，目标是给出将一个域中的度量与另一域中的度量相关联的关键术语和概念的一般定义。讨论了与这些用于关联两个领域的方法和指标有关的可重复性和有效性问题。然而，通过实验研究预测碰撞事故的特定方法的实际规范超出了本文件的范围。本信息报告适用于所有机动道路车辆，包括客车@卡车@公共汽车@和动力两轮车。驾驶员分心可能与任何与驾驶任务竞争并将注意力从对安全驾驶至关重要的活动上转移的活动有关。请注意，本文描述的术语和概念也可能足够笼统，足以提出根据模拟指标估计现实世界自动车辆的碰撞事故的方法。该文件的目标用户是行业@学术界@以及其他对驾驶员分心、驾驶表现评估和道路安全感兴趣的组织的从业者和研究人员。 [外文原描述]： This Information Report provides functional definitions and discussions of key terms and concepts for relating the experimental evaluation of driver distraction to real-world crash involvement. Examples of driver distraction and driving performance metrics include those related to vehicle control, object and event detection and response (OEDR), physiological indicators, subjective assessments, or combinations thereof. Examples of real-world crash involvement metrics include the epidemiological effect size measures of risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio. The terms and concepts defined in this document are not intended to contribute to methodologies for assessing the individual metrics within a domain; these are covered in other SAE documents (e.g., SAE J2944) and SAE technical reports. For any measure chosen in one domain or the other, the goal is to give general definitions of key terms and concepts that relate metrics in one domain to those in the other. Issues of repeatability and validity are discussed in relation to these methods and metrics for relating the two domains. However, the actual specification of a particular methodology for predicting crash involvement from experimental studies is outside the scope of the present document.This informational report applies to all motorized on-road road vehicles including passenger cars, trucks, buses, and powered two-wheelers. Driver distraction may be related to any activity that competes with the driving task and diverts attention away from activities critical for safe driving.Note that the terms and concepts described herein may also be general enough to suggest methods to estimate crash involvement of real-world automated vehicles from simulation metrics. The intended users of the document are practitioners and researchers in the industry, academia, and other organizations with interest in driver distraction and driving performance assessment and road safety.Cross Reference: