钢的一般特点和热处理

[中文适用范围]： 本 SAE 信息报告中包含的信息和数据旨在作为选择各种用途的钢材类型和牌号的指南。在考虑各种类型的钢之前，先讨论影响钢性能和特性的因素。 SAE 钢通常根据化学成分要求（SAE J403、J404 和 J405）采购。通常根据机械性能购买高强度低合金钢（SAE J1392 和 J1442）；使用不同的化学成分来实现指定的机械性能。由于这些钢的特点是在轧制条件下获得特殊的机械性能，因此买方在制造之前、期间或之后不打算对它们进行任何热处理。在许多情况下，如 SAE J1268 和 J1868 中列出的钢的情况，淬透性也是一项规范要求。该信息报告可作为确定常用SAE钢的一般特性和应用的参考。建议使用表 1 至 7 中列出的典型热处理。本节末尾简要描述了这些以及其他常用于钢的热处理。 [外文原描述]： The information and data contained in this SAE Information Report are intended as a guide in the selection of steel types and grades for various purposes. Consideration of the individual types of steel is preceded by a discussion of the factors affecting steel properties and characteristics.SAE steels are generally purchased on the basis of chemical composition requirements (SAE J403, J404, and J405). High-strength, low alloy (HSLA) steels (SAE J1392 and J1442) are generally purchased on the basis of mechanical properties; different chemical compositions are used to achieve the specified mechanical properties. Because these steels are characterized by their special mechanical properties obtained in the as-rolled condition, they are not intended for any heat treatment by the purchaser either before, during, or after fabrication.In many instances, as in the case of steels listed in SAE J1268 and J1868, hardenability is also a specification requirement. This information report can be used as a reference for determining the general characteristics and applications of commonly used SAE steels. The use of the typical heat treatments listed in Tables 1 through 7 is recommended. These and other heat treatments commonly used on steel are briefly described at the end of this section.Cross Reference: J1868,J403_201406,J404,J405_201801,J406,J411_201501